tailieunhanh - MULTI - SCALE INTEGRATED ANALYSIS OF AGROECOSYSTEMS - CHAPTER 3

Tư duy hệ thống phức tạp: Các khái niệm và tường thuật Chương này cung cấp các ví dụ thực tế để minh họa sự liên quan của các khái niệm được giới thiệu trong Chương 2 với những thách thức phải đối mặt với các nhà khoa học làm việc trong lĩnh vực nông nghiệp bền vững. Trong thực tế, điều quan trọng là có một cảm giác ý nghĩa thực tế của sự phức tạp về hoạt động của các giao thức khoa học của phân tích, trước khi đi vào phân tích những thách thức phải đối mặt. | 3 Complex Systems Thinking New Concepts and Narratives This chapter provides practical examples that illustrate the relevance of the concepts introduced in Chapter 2 to the challenges faced by scientists working in the field of sustainable agriculture. In fact it is important to have a feeling of practical implications of complexity in terms of operation of scientific protocols of analysis before getting into an analysis of the challenges faced by those willing to do things in a different way Chapters 4 and 5 and before exploring innovative concepts that can be used to develop new analytical approaches Part 2 . Nonequivalent Descriptive Domains and Nonreducible Models Are Entailed by the Unavoidable Existence of Multiple Identities Defining a Descriptive Domain Using the rationale proposed by Kampis 1991 p. 70 we can define a particular representation of a system as the domain of reality delimited by interactions of interest. In this way one can introduce the concept of descriptive domains in relation to the particular choices associated with a formal identity used to perceive and represent a system organized on nested hierarchical levels. A descriptive domain is the representation of a domain of reality that has been individuated on the basis of a preanalytical decision on how to describe the identity of the investigated system in relation to the goals of the analysis. Such a preliminary and arbitrary choice is needed to be able to detect patterns when looking at the reality and to model the behavior of interest when representing it . To discuss the need of using in parallel nonequivalent descriptive domains we can again use the four views given in Figure this time applying to them the metaphor of sustainability. Imagine that the four nonequivalent descriptions presented in Figure were referring to a country . the Netherlands rather than a person. In this case we can easily see how any analysis of its sustainability requires an integrated use