tailieunhanh - Product Design for the Environment: A Life Cycle Approach - Chapter 10

Các phương pháp kỹ thuật Thiết kế Thời gian sản phẩm và đánh giá Một trong những nhiệm vụ chính của thiết kế sản phẩm cho môi trường bao gồm hài hoà các vật dụng cần thiết của hoạt động môi trường với những thiết kế thông thường (chức năng, an toàn, thời gian). Để làm điều này, phương pháp và công cụ phải có sẵn để các nhà thiết kế cho phép đánh giá và tối ưu hóa các thông số thiết kế xác định hiệu suất của sản phẩm (thông thường và môi trường) đối với toàn bộ vòng. | Chapter 10 Engineering Methods for Product Duration Design and Evaluation One of the primary tasks of product design for the environment consists of harmonizing the requisites of environmental performance with those of conventional design functionality safety duration . To do this methods and tools must be available to the designer that allow the evaluation and optimization of design parameters determining a product s performance conventional and environmental over its entire life cycle. The definition of strategies for extension of useful life and recovery at end-of-life is conditioned by several factors that limit their effectiveness. The evaluation of these factors is essential for a correct implementation of these strategies in product development. Being able to predict in the design phase the extension of a product s useful life and the reuse or remanufacture of parts of it depends on the expected duration of components and on their residual life. As a consequence any study of the environmental aspects of a product must include the consideration of parameters such as the predicted duration of a component its resistance to the operating load and the estimated damage suffered by it. Accordingly this chapter briefly treats certain significant aspects of conventional design. In particular after a short review of material fatigue and damage phenomena attention is focused on the rapid methods currently used for the fatigue characterization of materials. Durability of Products and Components Deterioration in the functional performance of products and their components which greatly affects the possibility of applying the environmental strategies for extension of useful life and recovery at end-of-life is principally due to phenomena conditioning the properties of duration over time Structural obsolescence determined by the physical-mechanical deterioration of materials 251 2006 by Taylor Francis Group LLC 252 Product Design for the Environment Damage due to .