tailieunhanh - The Future Security Environment in the Middle East Conflict, Stability, and Political Change phần 3

Chiến lược An ninh Quốc gia năm 2000 xác định giá trị cốt lõi của Hoa Kỳ là "tự do chính trị và kinh tế, tôn trọng nhân quyền và nguyên tắc của pháp luật," và xác định thúc đẩy dân chủ ở nước ngoài là một trong ba mục tiêu quan trọng của đối ngoại của Mỹ quan điểm bản quy phạm bổ sung | Political Reform in the Middle East 55 Sensitivity to . Ties Many states in the Middle East maintain good relations with the United States ranging from diplomatic support for . policies to allowing . military forces to be stationed on their territory. Yet many of these states prefer to keep those policies as far out of the public view as possible since anti-American sentiment runs strong throughout the region. We do not know how deep or widespread this sentiment is because reliable public opinion data on this subject remain very limited. In Saudi Arabia where such data are virtually nonexistent anti-American sentiment could be much deeper and more widespread than we currently think. We do know however that regimes remain extremely concerned about appearing too close to the United States and often go to great lengths to keep cooperation as invisible as possible. If anti-American sentiment is as widespread as regimes currently fear or if it increases in the wake of the . campaign against terrorism in Afghanistan and beyond political reform could have a very adverse effect on regional cooperation with the United States. Both democratization and liberalization enable people to express their preferences more easily and if those preferences really are for reduced cooperation with the United States regimes will have an increasingly difficult time justifying their current policies. This could lead to pressure for less open cooperation especially regarding . military forces stationed in the region. Regimes may become even more reluctant to reach formal security agreements with the United States because domestic audiences see such agreements as proof that the regimes are incapable of providing security without external assistance. Increased sensitivity to ties with the United States could also spill over into decreased support for other . regional initiatives such as the peace process anti-proliferation measures and counterterrorism. CONCLUSION The United .