tailieunhanh - The Future Security Environment in the Middle East Conflict, Stability, and Political Change phần 2

Hoa Kỳ đã mạnh mẽ lợi ích lâu dài trong việc nhìn thấy sự tiến bộ cải cách chính trị thông qua Trung Đông. Từ một quan điểm bản quy phạm pháp luật, dân chủ và tự do ngôn luận là những giá trị cơ bản của Mỹ cần được khuyến khích trên toàn thế giới. | 18 The Future Security Environment in the Middle East would serve . interests well over the long term but in the short term it has two potentially negative effects It may increase regional instability and it could make regimes much more sensitive about cooperation with the United States particularly in the security realm. The United States has strong long-term interests in seeing political reform progress through the Middle East. From a normative perspective democracy and free expression are fundamental American values that should be encouraged throughout the world. The 2000 National Security Strategy defines . core values as political and economic freedom respect for human rights and the rule of law and identifies promoting democracy abroad as one of the three key goals of . foreign This normative perspective is complemented by a more pragmatic security perspective which views political reform as essential to long-term regional peace and stability. Democratic states are less likely to face significant internal challenges because popular interests can be expressed and factored into decisionmaking processes. Moderate policies are more likely because representative polities have a dense network of cross-cutting interests that may constrain extremist Perhaps most important to the United States political science research has shown that democratic states are highly unlikely to go to war with each The United States therefore has important long-term interests in promoting political reform in the Middle East not only because that conforms with important . values but because it may promote regional stability. From a shorter-term perspective . interests may look quite different. First of all the democratic peace argument does not necessarily apply to states undergoing a transition to democracy. In fact one well-regarded study concluded democratizing states are more likely 7A National Security Strategy for a Global Age Washington .