tailieunhanh - Methods and Techniques in Urban Engineering Part 7

Tham khảo tài liệu 'methods and techniques in urban engineering part 7', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | The Use of Simulation in Urban Modelling 113 simulation is not its predictive power because the property of a self-organising system is that it is largely unpredictable and uncontrollable Wolfram 1986 Toffoli Margolus 1987 . Given identical initial conditions each CA simulation run is unique and never fully repeats itself Portugali Benenson 1995 . Although the simulation is unable either to replicate or to predict exact development patterns it can reveal some qualitative features inherent in the evolution of the system . the overall rate of land lost. This is largely because the final state of CA is controlled by a set of transition rules. Through linking the rules with their consequences the model can provide artificial planning experience Portugali Benenson 1995 to suggest alternative scenarios of urban growth. Summarily the simulation involves the following aspects Wolfram 1986 selection of appropriate states in the neighbourhood which are relevant to a particular transition planning of criteria based on the concerned states to reflect stimulus or constraint to the particular transition inference of the truth of the particular transition from criteria according to the specified decision-making process and comparison of all possible transitions associated with a cell and to decide the transition of the cell. The Evolution of CA In the beginning the early development of the CA framework took place in the 1950s and 1960s and is generally associated with famous names and great discoveries of the twentieth century. Benenson Torrens 2005 . Cellular Automata in their classic sense were invented by Ulam and Von Neumann in the mid-1940s. They were interested in exploring whether the self-reproducing features of biological systems could be reduced to purely mathematical formulations Sipper 1997 . At that time the two worked at Los Alamos Laboratories on the atomic and later hydrogen bombs and Stanislaw Ulam together with Edward Teller signed the patent application

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