tailieunhanh - báo cáo khoa học: " Exploring ethical considerations for the use of biological and physiological markers in population-based surveys in less developed countries"

Tuyển tập báo cáo các nghiên cứu khoa học quốc tế ngành y học dành cho các bạn tham khảo đề tài: Exploring ethical considerations for the use of biological and physiological markers in population-based surveys in less developed countries | Globalization and Health BioMed Central Debate Open Access Exploring ethical considerations for the use of biological and physiological markers in population-based surveys in less developed countries Gregory Pappas 1 and Adnan A Hyder2 Address 1Chairman Department of Community Health Science Aga Khan University 3500 Stadium Road Karachi Pakistan and 2Assistant Professor Dept. of International Health and Berman Bioethics Institute Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health 615 N. Wolfe Street Baltimore MD 21205 USA Email Gregory Pappas - gregory_pappas@ Adnan A Hyder - ahyder@ Corresponding author Published 28 November 2005 Received 06 April 2005 . AAI- Iifiz ITJJ I IZ Accepted 28 November 2005 Globalization and Health 2005 1 16 doi 1744-8603-1-16 r This article is available from http content 1 1 16 2005 Pappas and Hyder licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http licenses by which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Background The health information needs of developing countries increasingly include population-based estimates determined by biological and physiological measures. Collection of data on these biomarkers requires careful reassessment of ethical standards and procedures related to issues of safety informed consent reporting and referral policies. This paper reviews the survey practices of health examination surveys that have been conducted in developed nations and discusses their application to similar types of surveys proposed for developing countries. Discussion The paper contends that a unitary set of ethical principles should be followed for surveys around the world that precludes the danger of creating double standards and implicitly lowers standards for work