tailieunhanh - Báo cáo khoa học: Regulatory roles of hyaluronan in health and disease

The glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan (HA) is a major com-ponent of extracellular matrices with many diverse func-tions that depend on its chain size and its interactions with various effective proteins and cell receptors. | IFEBS Journal MINIREVIEW SERIES Regulatory roles of hyaluronan in health and disease Vincent Hascall1 and Nikos Karamanos2 3 1 Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine BiomedicalEngineering ND-20 Cleveland OH USA 2 Department of Chemistry Laboratory of Biochemistry University of Patras Greece 3 Foundation of Research and Technology FORTH ICE-HT Greece The glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan HA is a major component of extracellular matrices with many diverse functions that depend on its chain size and its interactions with various effective proteins and cell receptors. Such interactions trigger several intracellular signaling pathways that regulate growth differentiation and migration. HA is implicated in physiological and pathological processes including embryogenesis morphogenesis wound healing tissue repair inflammation and the progression of several diseases among them cancer and diabetes. Recent data suggest a regulatory role of HA in cancer cell migration invasion and metastasis and implicate its interaction with variants of the cell surface HA receptor CD44 in the molecular targeting of solid tumors. HA research areas are expanding so rapidly that it is not possible to cover all HA functions. The three thematic minireviews however provide the reader with focused assessments of the current HA research areas. The first minireview by Wang et al. focuses on the discovery of monocyte-adhesive HA matrices and how they have morphed into various pathologies including inflammatory bowel disease wound healing asthma and diabetes. Notably the unique mechanism by which HA is normally synthesized namely the utilization of cytosolic substrates with extrusion of the growing HA polymer into the extracellular matrix has a major role in its large variety of normal and pathological functions. This is an emerging area of research that will impact on most if not all inflammatory processes. The second minireview by Tammi et al. focuses on the novel regulatory points in HA synthesis .