tailieunhanh - Climate Change and Managed Ecosystems - Chapter 20

Chế độ dinh dưỡng Hai vấn đề quan trọng đang phải đối mặt với nhân loại vào buổi bình minh của thế kỷ 21: (1) humaninduced tăng nồng độ các khí nhà kính trong khí quyển (khí nhà kính) với tác động dự kiến đối với khí hậu (sự gia tăng mức độ nghiêm trọng và tần số của cực các sự kiện, mực nước biển dâng, và những thay đổi đa dạng sinh học trên cạn và dưới nước), và (2) liên quan đến tác động về an ninh lương thực toàn cầu do, trong số những lý do khác, kinh tế xã hội mục. | Part V Summary and Recommendations 2006 by Taylor Francis Group LLC 20 Impacts of Climate Change on Agriculture Forest and Wetland Ecosystems Synthesis and Summary . Stone . Bhatti and R. Lal CONTENTS Climate Change Is Impacts of Climate Change on Agriculture Forest and Wetland What Is Next under Changing Climate .406 INTRODUCTION Two important issues are facing humanity at the dawn of the 21st century 1 human-induced increases in atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases GHGs with anticipated impacts on the climate increase in the severity and frequency of extreme events sea level rise and changes in terrestrial and aquatic biodiversity and 2 associated impacts on global food security due among other reasons to socioeconomic development goals new technologies and rapid changes in population and living standards in the developing countries where populations are already under great stress. Both of these issues are interlinked and governed by our management of the Earth s natural resources. CLIMATE CHANGE IS REAL In discussing the anticipated impacts of climate change on agriculture forestry and wetlands management it is first useful to describe the global context in which the climate is changing Chapter 2 . Scientists have drawn attention to the significant 399 2006 by Taylor Francis Group LLC 400 Climate Change and Managed Ecosystems increase in the atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide and other GHGs as a result of the burning of fossil fuels and land-use changes. The threat of anthropogenic climate change has become an issue for governments and the general public at large. As a measure of Canada s fossil fuel emissions these are equivalent to burning all of Canada s forests every 2 years Chapter 9 . The increases in atmospheric concentrations of GHGs are outside levels seen over the past 400 000 years. They can be expected to alter the climate to a degree that