tailieunhanh - Earthquake Protection Systems_7

Việc tiêu hủy vật lý rèn bởi một trận động đất có thể được sửa chữa. Tái thiết có thể là một viễn cảnh khó khăn. Quy mô phá hủy có thể được mở rộng và nó thường rất khó để biết được nơi để bắt đầu. Xây dựng lại cũng cung cấp cơ hội: cơ hội cho một khởi đầu mới và cải thiện tình hình đã tồn tại trước khi trận động đất. | THE EARTHQUAKE EMERGENCY 139 PAHO 1982. Epidemiological Surveillance After Natural Disaster Scientific Publication No. 420 Pan American Health Organization Regional Office of the World Health Organization 525 Twenty-third Street NW Washington DC 20037 USA. Stephens . and Green . 1979. Disaster Assistance Appraisal Reform and New Approaches New York University Press New York. UNHCR 1999. Handbook for Emergencies United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees Geneva. 5 Recovering from Earthquakes Opportunities and Challenges The physical destruction wrought by an earthquake has to be repaired. Reconstruction can be a daunting prospect. The scale of destruction can be extensive and it is often difficult to know where to start. The reconstruction also provides opportunities the opportunity for a new start and to make improvements on the situation that existed before the earthquake. There is however more to the reconstruction than replacing the physical fabric of the buildings and structures damaged by the earthquake. In a destructive earthquake the factories shops and commercial buildings that house the economic activities of the region may be incapacitated. Without the economic engines to drive it the recovery of the region cannot really progress. The recovery process can be broadly classified into 1 The immediate relief period generally lasting a few days. The rehabilitation period from the end of the relief period for a number of months. The reconstruction period which may last a number of years even tens of years in some cases. The previous chapter was concerned with the immediate relief period and the activities needed to deal with the earthquake emergency. Inevitably even during the first days after the earthquake some consideration will be given to the reconstruction task that lies ahead and preparations have to be made for the long-term recovery. Many of the decisions made in the first few days have a significant influence on the long-term recovery and