tailieunhanh - Mechanical Engineer´s Handbook P64

Fig. Gas radiation (Hr) and convection (Hc) coefficients for flue gas inside radiant perature. The gas radiation factor depends on temperature and inside diameter. The effect of flame luminosity has not been considered. FLUID FLOW Fluid flow problems of interest to the furnace engineer include the resistance to flow of air or flue gas, over a range of temperatures and densities through furnace ductwork, stacks and flues, or recuperators and regenerators. Flow of combustion air and fuel gas through distribution piping and burners will also be considered. Liquid flow, of water and fuel oil, must also be evaluated in. | FLUID FLOW 1485 Fig. Gas radiation Hr and convection Ho coefficients for flue gas inside radiant perature. The gas radiation factor depends on temperature and inside diameter. The effect of flame luminosity has not been considered. FLUID FLOW Fluid flow problems of interest to the furnace engineer include the resistance to flow of air or flue gas over a range of temperatures and densities through furnace ductwork stacks and flues or recuperators and regenerators. Flow of combustion air and fuel gas through distribution piping and burners will also be considered. Liquid flow of water and fuel oil must also be evaluated in some furnace designs but will not be treated in this chapter. To avoid errors resulting from gas density at temperature velocities will be expressed as mass velocities in units of G Ib hr ft2. Because the low pressure differentials in systems for flow of air or flue gas are usually measured with a manometer in units of inches of water column in. H2O that will be the unit used in the following discussion. The relation of velocity head hv in in. H2O to mass velocity G is shown for a range of temperatures in Fig. . Pressure drops as multiples of hv are shown for some configurations used in furnace design in Figs. and . The loss for flow across tube banks in multiples of the velocity head is shown in Fig. as a function of the Reynolds number. The Reynolds number Re is a dimensionless factor in fluid flow defined as Re DG p. where D is inside diameter or equivalent dimension in feet G is mass velocity as defined above and p is viscosity as shown in Fig. . Values for Re for air or flue gas in the range of interest are shown in Fig. . Pressure drop for flow through long tubes is shown in Fig. for a range of Reynolds numbers and equivalent diameters. Preferred Velocities Mass velocities used in contemporary furnace design are intended to provide an optimum balance between construction .

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