tailieunhanh - Biology Science for Life

As you worked your way through high school, or otherwise worked to prepare yourself for college, you were probably unaware that an information explosion was taking place in the field of biology. This explosion, brought on by advances in biotechnology and communicated by faster, more powerful computers, has allowed scientists to gather data more quickly and disseminate data to colleagues in the global scientific community with the click of a mouse. Every discipline of biology has benefited from these advances, and today’s scientists collectively know more than any individual could ever hope to understand | Science for Life Colleen Belk Virginia Borden Contents Preface vii General Principles in Biology Chapter 1 Can Science Cure the Common Cold Introduction to the Scientific Method 1 The Process of Science 2 The Logic of Hypothesis Testing 3 The Experimental Method 5 Using Correlation to Test Hypotheses 9 Understanding Statistics 11 Evaluating Scientific Information 14 Information from Anecdotes 14 Science in the News 15 Understanding Science from Secondary Sources 16 Is There a Cure for The Common Cold 17 Essay The Social Context of Science 7 Chapter Review 18 Chapter 2 The Only Diet You Will Ever Need Cells and Metabolism 22 Nourishing Your Body 24 Balancing Nutrients 24 Balancing Energy 32 Converting Food into Energy 35 The Digestive System 35 Cells 37 Mitochondria 40 Cellular Respiration 40 Body Fat and Health 43 Evaluating How Much Body Fat Is Healthful 44 Unit One xxiii xxiv Contents Obesity 46 Anorexia and Bulimia 48 Focus on Fit Not Fat 50 Essay Photosynthesis How Plants Make Food 42 Chapter Review 50 Chapter 3 Prospecting for Biological Gold Biodiversity and Classification 54 The Organization of Life s Diversity 56 How Diverse Is Life 57 Kingdoms and Domains 59 Locating Valuable Species 62 Bacteria and Archaea 62 Protista 63 Animalia 64 Fungi 67 Plantae 69 Tools of the Bioprospector 70 Fishing for Useful Products 71 Discovering Relationships Among Species 71 Learning from the Shaman 75 Essay Understanding Deep Time 68 Essay Diversity s Rocky Road 72 Chapter Review 77 Unit Two The Genetic Basis of Life Chapter 4 Are You Only As Smart As Your Genes The Science of Inheritance 80 The Inheritance of Traits 82 The Nature of Genes 83 The Nature of Inheritance 84 A Special Case Identical Twins .