tailieunhanh - Luận án kinh tế - "Human and action" - Chapter 2

II. THE EPISTEMOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF THE SCIENCES OF HUMAN ACTION 1. Praxeology and History ogy and history. History is the collection and systematic arrangement of all the data of experience concerning human action. It deals with the concrete content of human action. | II. THE EPISTEMOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF THE SCIENCES OF HUMAN ACTION 1. Praxeology and History There are two main branches of the sciences of human action praxeology and history. History is the collection and systematic arrangement of all the data of experience concerning human action. It deals with the concrete content of human action. It studies all human endeavors in their infinite multiplicity and variety and all individual actions with all their accidental special and particular implications. It scrutinizes the ideas guiding acting men and the outcome of the actions performed. It embraces every aspect of human activities. It is on the one hand general history and on the other hand the history of various narrower fields. There is the history of political and military action of ideas and philosophy of economic activities of technology of literature art and science of religion of mores and customs and of many other realms of human life. There is ethnology and anthropology as far as they are not a part of biology and there is psychology as far as it is neither physiology nor epistemology nor philosophy. There is linguistics as far as it is neither logic nor the physiology of The subject matter of all historical sciences is the past. They cannot teach us anything which would be valid for all human actions that is for the future too. The study of history makes a man wise and judicious. But it does not 1. Economic history descriptive economics and economic statistics are of course history. The term sociology is used in two different meanings. Descriptive sociology deals with those historical phenomena of human action which are not viewed in descriptive economics it overlaps to some extent the field claimed by ethnology and anthropology. General sociology on the other hand approaches historical experience from a more nearly universal point of view than that of the other branches of history. History proper for instance deals with people or with a certain .