tailieunhanh - Luận án kinh tế - "Human and action" - Chapter 23

XXIII. THE DATA OF THE MARKET 1. The Theory and the Data the theory of the market economy, is not a system of theorems valid only under ideal and unrealizable conditions and applicable to reality merely with essential restrictions and modifications. | XXIII. THE DATA OF THE MARKET 1. The Theory and the Data Catallactics the theory of the market economy is not a system of theorems valid only under ideal and unrealizable conditions and applicable to reality merely with essential restrictions and modifications. All the theorems of catallactics are rigidly and without any exception valid for all phenomena of the market economy provided the particular conditions which they presuppose are present. It is for instance a simple question of fact whether there is direct or indirect exchange. But where there is indirect exchange all the general laws of the theory of indirect exchange are valid with regard to the acts of exchange and the media of exchange. As has been pointed out 1 praxeological knowledge is precise or exact knowledge of reality. All references to the epistemological issues of the natural sciences and all analogies derived from comparing these two radically different realms of reality and cognition are misleading. There is apart from formal logic no such thing as a set of methodological rules applicable both to cognition by means of the category of causality and to that by means of the category of finality. Praxeology deals with human action as such in a general and universal way. It deals neither with the particular conditions of the environment in which man acts nor with the concrete content of the valuations which direct his actions. For praxeology data are the bodily and psychological features of the acting men their desires and value judgments and the theories doctrines and ideologies they develop in order to adjust themselves purposively to the conditions of their environment and thus to attain the ends they are aiming at. These data although permanent in their structure and strictly determined by the laws controlling the order of the universe are perpetually fluctuating and varying they change from instant to The fullness of reality can be mentally mastered only by a mind resorting both to .