tailieunhanh - Joe Celko s SQL for Smarties - Advanced SQL Programming P31

Joe Celko s SQL for Smarties - Advanced SQL Programming P31. In the SQL database community, Joe Celko is a well-known columnist and purveyor of valuable insights. In Joe Celko's SQL for Smarties: Advanced SQL Programming, he picks up where basic SQL training and experience leaves many database professionals and offers tips, techniques, and explanations that help readers extend their capabilities to top-tier SQL programming. Although Celko denies that the book is about database theory, he nevertheless alludes to theory often to buttress his practical points. This title is not for novices, as the author points out. Instead, its intended audience. | BETWEEN and OVERLAPS Predicates The BETWEEN AND OVERLAPS predicates both offer a shorthand way of showing that one value lies within a range defined by two other values. The between predicate works with scalar range limits the overlaps predicate looks at two time periods defined either by start and end points or by a starting time and an interval to see if they overlap in time. The BETWEEN Predicate The predicate value expression NOT BETWEEN low value expression AND high value expression is a feature of SQL that is used often enough to deserve special attention. It is also just tricky enough to fool beginning programmers. This predicate is actually just shorthand for the expression low value expression value expression AND value expression high value expression Please note that the end points are included in this definition. This predicate works with any data types that can be compared. Most programmers miss this fact and use it only for numeric values but it can be used for character strings and temporal data as well. The high HiaaiaaiBuaiiiHiK 274 CHAPTER 13 BETWEEN AND OVERLAPS PREDICATES value expression and low value expression can be expressions or constants but again programmers tend to use just constants. Results with NULL Values The results of this predicate with NULL values for value expression low value expression or high value expression follow directly from the definition. If both low value expression and high value expression are NULL the result is UNKNOWN for any value of value expressions If low value expression or high value expression is NULL but not both of them the result is determined by the value of value expression and its comparison with the remaining non-NULL term. If value expression is NULL the results are UNKNOWN for any values of low value expression and high value expressions Results with Empty Sets Notice that if high value expression is less than low value expression the expression will always be FALSE unless the .

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