tailieunhanh - Configuring Windows 7 (Training Kit) - Part 34

Configuring Windows 7 (Training Kit) - Part 34. This training kit is designed for IT professionals who operate in enterprise enviroments that use Windows 7 as a desktop operating system. You should have at least one year of experience in the IT field, as well as experience implementing and administering any Windows client operating system in a networked environment. | So what identifies the computer and what identifies the subnet To discover this we need to look at the next value the subnet mask. Subnet masks are most peculiar numbers. They represent binary numbers that consist of all ones followed by all zeros. For example is the binary number 11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000. The actual value of this number is irrelevant. What matters is the number of ones and zeros. A one says that the corresponding bit in the IPv4 address is a network address bit. A zero says that the corresponding bit in the IPv4 address is a computer or host address bit. In the example given the last 8 bits of the subnet mask are all zero. So the host address is the final octet of the subnet address or 143. The network address of the subnet is . Because hosts are defined by a single octet in this example the subnet contains 254 host addresses. The first IPv4 address in the subnet is . The last is . The number identifies the subnet and is called the subnet address. The number is called the broadcast address and is used when a packet needs to be sent to every host on a subnet. Subnetting and Supernetting You can split a subnet into smaller subnets by adding ones to the end of the ones in the subnet mask. If you have two or more suitable contiguous subnets you can merge them into a single subnet by changing one or more ones at the end of the ones in the subnet masks to zeros. These techniques are known as subnetting and supernetting respectively. If an organization has a significant number of computers on its network say over 100 this number varies depending on the type volume and pattern of traffic on the network or if it has several geographic locations the organization probably creates several subnets. If a subnet contains too many computers and other devices it tends to slow down because there is a greater chance of two computers trying to put data onto the network .