tailieunhanh - The Oxford Companion to Philosophy Part 100

The Oxford Companion to Philosophy Part 100. The book is alphabetized by the whole headings of entries, as distinct from the first word of a heading. Hence, for example, abandonment comes before a priori and a posteriori. It is wise to look elsewhere if something seems to be missing. At the end of the book there is also a useful appendix on Logical Symbols as well as the appendices A Chronological Table of Philosophy and Maps of Philosophy. | 970 Zeno of Elea properties of change to demonstrate that change is impossible. a The race-course also known as the stadium or dichotomy . A runner has to run a given length. Before running the whole length he must have run half of it. Then before running the second half he must have run half of that half. And so on. Since the division again never terminates the whole stretch is composed of infinitely many successive pieces each of some length. But the runner cannot finish the task of traversing infinitely many substretches in succession. b The Achilles . A slow runner is given a start by a fast runner. The fast one can never catch up again he has to traverse infinitely many successive stretches first to the slower runner s starting-point then to the point the slow runner has reached by then and so on. c The arrow . In any indivisible instant ofits flight is a flying arrow moving or at rest If the former how can it move in an instant If the latter it is never moving and therefore is at rest. d The moving rows also known as the stadium A paradox involving relative motion the details are unclear. 3 . Other arguments recorded are a one about place again constructing an infinite progression if everything that is is in a place and place is then a place is in a place and so ad infinitum b possibly the first sorites argument about the smallest heap of grain to make an audible noise when dropped details unreliable . . G. E. L. Owen Zeno and the Mathematicians Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 1957-8 . W. C. Salmon ed. Zeno s Paradoxes Indianapolis 1970 . G. Vlastos Zeno of Elea in P. Edwards ed. The Encyclopedia of Philosophy New York 1967 . zombies. The zombies of Haitian voodoo lore and horror movies are the living dead but the philosopher s zombies are merely the stuff of thought experiments. A zombie if there could be such a thing would be a living creature that was indistinguishable in its physical constitution and in terms ofits outward appearance and .