tailieunhanh - The Oxford Companion to Philosophy Part 45

The Oxford Companion to Philosophy Part 45. The book is alphabetized by the whole headings of entries, as distinct from the first word of a heading. Hence, for example, abandonment comes before a priori and a posteriori. It is wise to look elsewhere if something seems to be missing. At the end of the book there is also a useful appendix on Logical Symbols as well as the appendices A Chronological Table of Philosophy and Maps of Philosophy. | 420 ideology belief-forming processes might also possess various epi-stemic virtues such as reliability. It is an open question whether a given belief produced by such a process is true or reflects available evidence. Would mere failure of a belief to withstand self-awareness about its origins or open social discussion of its content constitute a genuinely epistemic defect What is the structure of ideological explanations of beliefs and values Is there a credible theory of the social psychological mechanisms by which social interests or symbolic needs shape individuals beliefs and values in the unacknowledged ways that are presupposed when ideologies are claimed to have a functional role Finally what does normative use of the concept of ideology presuppose about the existence of contrasting epi-stemically respectable ways of knowing In particular does the normative notion of ideology presuppose the availability of notions of objective inquiry or objective interests of the very sort that attention to the social character of knowledge and valuation renders suspect . historical materialism noble lie. T. Eagleton Ideology An Introduction London 1991 . R. Geuss The Idea of a Critical Theory Cambridge 1981 . J. Habermas Knowledge and Human Interests Boston 1971 . K. Mannheim Ideology and Utopia London 1946 . K. Marx and F. Engels The German Ideology 1846 first pub. 1932 . idiolect. The term idiolect is intended to mark the notion of a language which is not the language of a community sociolect but rather of an individual. Idiolects more than sociolects have been the focus of much philosophical interest in recent years because ofthe close connection between the language or meanings of an individual and his intentional states. Idiolects are the place where philosophy of language and philosophy of mind meet. It is possible that one should have a highly social conception of idiolects but that would still not spoil the idea that when one studies idiolects one s object of .