tailieunhanh - The Oxford Companion to Philosophy Part 27

The Oxford Companion to Philosophy Part 27. The book is alphabetized by the whole headings of entries, as distinct from the first word of a heading. Hence, for example, abandonment comes before a priori and a posteriori. It is wise to look elsewhere if something seems to be missing. At the end of the book there is also a useful appendix on Logical Symbols as well as the appendices A Chronological Table of Philosophy and Maps of Philosophy. | 240 emergent properties object which could be inferred from the properties of the parts. The particular claim about the transparency of water may be disputable. However an emergentist view of mentality is still influential and survives in the doctrine of non-reductive physicalism a leading position on the mind-body problem according to which psychological characteristics although they occur only under appropriate physical-biological conditions are irreducibly distinct from them. The ultimate coherence of the notion of an emergent property remains controversial however. . A. Beckermann H. Flohr and J. Kim eds. Emergence or Reduc- tion Berlin 1992 . C. Lloyd Morgan Emergent Evolution London 1923 . Emerson Ralph Waldo 1803-82 . American philosopher and poet one of the central figures of New England Transcendentalism. His Romantic treatment of the problems of scepticism suggested knowledge of the self as the crucial epistemological and moral imperative. His counsel in Self-Reliance Nothing is at last sacred but the integrity of your own mind was coupled with the assurance that in yourself is the law of all nature . . . in yourself slumbers the whole of Reason The American Scholar . An important influence on Bergson and especially Nietzsche some of whose aphorisms can be seen as virtual translations of Emerson s prose Emerson s writings were also of considerable interest to James and Dewey. . Stanley Cavell The Philosopher in American Life Emerson Coleridge Kant and Being Odd Getting Even in In Quest of the Ordinary Chicago 1988 . emotion and art. There are many philosophical problems raised by the phenomenon of emotion in art only some of which can be sketched here. There is a the problem of the arousal of emotions by art b the problem of the expression of emotions by art c the problem of the nature and range of the emotions expressed by art d the problem of emotion and fiction and e the problem of art and negative emotion and f the problem of the value of .