tailieunhanh - Chapter-32-Updating the system software

In the previous chapter, we looked at how to get an up-to-date FreeBSD source tree. Once you have the sources, you can build various components of the system. The main tool we use for this purpose is make, which we looked at on page 167. The best way to think of upgrading the system is that everything is a matter of changing files. For the purposes of this discussion, you can divide the files on your system into the following categories: | 2 April 2003 17 00 47 The Complete FreeBSD page 585 In this chapter Upgrading kernel and userland Upgrading the kernel Upgrading the boot files Upgrading the configuration files Merging etc group Mergemaster second time around Updating the system software In the previous chapter we looked at how to get an up-to-date FreeBSD source tree. Once you have the sources you can build various components of the system. The main tool we use for this purpose is make which we looked at on page 167. The best way to think of upgrading the system is that everything is a matter of changing files. For the purposes of this discussion you can divide the files on your system into the following categories The userland that part of the system software that is not the kernel. Unlike some other operating systems FreeBSD expects to keep userland and kernel at the same release level. We ll look at the interaction between kernel and userland below. The kernel. You may build a new kernel without updating the sources of course if you want to add functionality to the kernel. In this chapter we ll look at upgrading the kernel in the context of a complete system upgrade. We ll consider building a custom kernel in the next chapter Chapter 33 Custom kernels. Support for booting the machine which is currently performed as a separate step. Configuration files relating to your system. Some of them such as etc fstab and etc overlap with the previous category. The Ports Collection. This doesn t have to be done at the same time as userland and kernel though if you upgrade to a significant new version of FreeBSD it s a good idea to upgrade the ports as well. We looked at upgrading ports on page 178. v 2003 04 02 04 49 48 585 2 April 2003 17 00 47 The Complete FreeBSD . tools page 586 The Complete FreeBSD 586 Your own files. They have nothing to do with a software upgrade. You can make upgrading less onerous by planning in advance. Here are some suggestions .

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