tailieunhanh - Tài liệu ô nhiễm đất và kỹ thuật xử lí - TÓM TẮT LỊCH SỬ CỦA VẤN ĐỀ Ô NHIỄM

Truyền thông báo cáo về ô nhiễm không khí có thể dẫn chúng ta nghĩ đến ô nhiễm không khí như là cái gì đó mà phát triển trong nửa sau của thế kỷ 20. Nhưng điều này không phải vậy. Các loại ô nhiễm không khí mà con người đã tiếp xúc đã thay đổi với thời gian, nhưng ô nhiễm không khí đã được biết đến ở các thành phố lớn ít nhất từ thế kỷ 14 khi những người đầu tiên bắt đầu sử dụng than để sưởi ấm nhà của họ | i A Historical Overview of the Development of Clean Air Regulations A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE AIR POLLUTION PROBLEM Media reports about air pollution might lead us to think of air pollution as being something that developed in the second half of the 20th century. But this is not so. The kind of air pollution to which human beings have been exposed has changed with time but air pollution has been known in larger cities at least from the 14th century when people first started using coal for heating their In England during the reign of Edward I there was a recorded protest by the nobility about the use of sea coal which burned in an unusually smoky manner. Under his successor Edward II 1307-1327 a man was put to torture for filling the air with a pestilential odor through the use of coal. Under the reigns of Richard III and Henry V England undertook to restrict the use of coal through taxation. Nevertheless the situation continued to grow worse in the larger cities so much so that during the reign of Elizabeth I 1533-1603 Queen 1550-1603 Parliament passed a law forbidding the use of coal in the city of London while Parliament was in session. While this may have eased the pollution for the parliamentarians it did very little to actually solve the problem. As cities grew and the Industrial Revolution developed the spread of coal smoke grew. In 1686 a paper was presented to the Royal Philosophical Society on An Engine That Consumes Smoke. To this day we have been working on this same problem as yet to no avail. Legislation that was introduced often ignored the technical aspects of the problem and hence was unenforceable. For example a law passed by Parliament in 1845 stated that locomotives must consume their own smoke which would be grand but of course it is not realizable. The air pollution problem in the . was first recognized as being due to coal smoke. In 1881 Chicago adopted a smoke control ordinance. St. Louis Cincinnati and other cities also adopted