tailieunhanh - The grammar book teacher course part 75

If the approach focuses on language analysis, the connection should be easy to make. The more teachers know about grammar, the more expeditiously they should be able to raise a learner's consciousness about how the language works. | 26 Logical Connectors Introduction In Chapter 24 we presented an overview of coordinating conjunctions which were said a to conjoin syntactically equivalent constituents and b to lead the listener reader to certain interpretations of the way that clauses relate to each other meaningfully. These interpretations might be available without the use of conjunctions but their use strengthens the likelihood that the listener reader will understand the connections as the speaker writer intended them. In Chapter 25 we considered adverbials in general noting the variety of forms hat they take and syntactic positions that they occupy. In this chapter we focus on adverbial expressions which in a great many cases serve a purpose similar to coordinating conjunctions that is they allow a listener reader to infer connections between two segments of discourse usually adjacent sentences. We also mention a few other lexical means for achieving the same purpose. Together these expressions are often called logical connectors and they chiefly include what are traditionally called subordinating conjunctions what we have called adverbial subordinators and conjunctive adverbials Like some uses of coordinating conjunctions logical connectors arc typically said to be types of cohesive devices lexical expressions that may add little or no propositional content by themselves but that sene to specify the relationships among sentences in oral or written discourse thereby leading the listener reader to the feeling that the sentences hang together or make sense. Types of Logical Connectors Clauses with Adverbial Subordinators We have already encountered in this book what traditional grammarians have called subordinating conjunctions. We have referred to them as adverbial subordinators because they function to subordinate one clause to another and they have the force of an adverbial. We first introduced them in Chapter 5 where we saw that one of the grammatical forms that adverbials take in English