tailieunhanh - Influence of phenolic group content in lignin expanders on the performance of negative lead–acid battery plates

Negative plates for lead–acid batteries containing lignin expander UP-414 with various phenolic group contents have been investigated. The members of the family of lignins UP-414 are produced by Borregaard LignoTech, Norway and differ mainly by the amount of phenolic groups and less so by the carboxylic groups in their structure, the content of all other functional groups (methoxyl, ketonic, etc.) being the same for all UP-414 products. | ELSEVIER Journal of Power Sources 113 2003 345-354 Influence of phenolic group content in lignin expanders on the performance of negative lead-acid battery plates M. Matrakovaa T. Rogacheva D. Pavlova . Myrvoldb aCentral Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Sofia 1113 Bulgaria Borregaard LignoTech N-1701 Sarpsborg Norway Abstract Negative plates for lead-acid batteries containing lignin expander UP-414 with various phenolic group contents have been investigated. The members of the family of lignins UP-414 are produced by Borregaard LignoTech Norway and differ mainly by the amount of phenolic groups and less so by the carboxylic groups in their structure the content of all other functional groups methoxyl ketonic etc. being the same for all UP-414 products. The influence of phenolic group content in the expander on the performance of SLI batteries has been studied. It has been established that the batteries with PbSb grids exhibit a decline in C20 capacity CCA performance and cycle life when the content of phenolic groups in the expander increases. The capacity cycle life and self-discharge of batteries with PbSnCa grids do not depend on the content of phenolic groups in the lignin. It has been proved experimentally that lignin reacts with the ions of the grid alloying additives forming metal-lignin compounds which exert an influence on the performance of the negative plates. 2002 Elsevier Science . All rights reserved. Keywords Lead-acid battery Expanders Lignins Phenolic groups in lignin Metal-lignin compounds 1. Introduction Organic expanders based on lignins exert an influence on the processes of charge and discharge of negative lead-acid battery plates. Being surface active substances they also affect the hydrogen overvoltage on the negative electrode. This influence of the expander is mainly due to the functional groups in its structure methoxy phenolic carboxyl ketonic carbinol structural groups etc. which affect the

• Điện - Điện tử
• Journal of Power Sources
• Ảnh hưởng của phenolic
• chất làm tăng lignin
• hiệu suất của pin chì acid
• Influence of phenolic group content
• Journal of Mechanics
• Influence of heat sources
• Finite channel conjugate natural convection of a power fluid
• Finite channel conjugate natural convection
• The influence of heat sources
• Journal of Automation and Control Engineering
• Frequency regulation in an AC microgrid
• Diverse sources of power
• Intelligent control technique
• Fuzzy gain scheduled proportional integralderivative
• công nghệ pin điện tử
• lead acid battery
• pin axít chì
• Improvements to active material
• VRLA batteries
• Effect of additives
• compressed lead acid batteries
• Effect of Na2SO4 additive
• Electrochemical evaluation of additives
• Improved oxides for production
• leadracid battery plates
• Influence of temperature
• the cycle life of negative plates
• chu kỳ tấm pin axít chì
• Influence of charge mode
• Ảnh hưởng của polymer phụ gia
• chì acid
• tấm pin tiêu cực
• Influence of polymer additive
• ảnh hưởng các loại vật liệu
• hợp kim lưới
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• pin acid
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• pin lead acid
• Red lead
• lead acid batteries
• điện cực polymer
• cấu trúc ứng dụng xe điện
• Lead acid bipolar battery assembled
• Primary chemically formed lead dioxide
• premature capacity loss
• Oxide for valve regulated lead batteries
• Semi suspension technology
• tetrabasic lead sulfate pastes
• Synthesis and electrochemical preformances
• tribasic lead sulfates prepared
• reactive grinding
• The addition of red lead
• miners cap lamp
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• tài liệu viễn thông
• chuyên ngành viễn thông
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