tailieunhanh - Journal of Power Sources

The theoretical specific energy of the lead/acid battery is 176 W h kg−1 . The specific energy actually achieved depends on the discharge rate but is typically only about 15–25% of this maximum value. The major reason for the lead acid battery’s inability to obtain higher specific energies is that much of the active material in both the positive and negative electrode is not discharged. | Journal of Power Sources 188 2009 292-295 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Power Sources journal homepage locate jpowsour pr 1 SbbiMitS Short communication Porous microspheres as additives in lead-acid batteries . Newell3 . Patankar3 . Edwardsb a Department of Materials Science University of Idaho Moscow ID 83844 United States b Chemical Engineering University of Idaho Moscow ID 83844 United States ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history Received 13 October 2008 Received in revised form 11 November 2008 Accepted 12 November 2008 Available online 27 November 2008 Keywords Lead acid battery Paste additives Porous hollow glass microspheres The theoretical specific energy of the lead acid battery is 176Whkg-1. The specific energy actually achieved depends on the discharge rate but is typically only about 15-25 of this maximum value. The major reason for the lead acid battery s inability to obtain higher specific energies is that much of the active material in both the positive and negative electrode is not discharged. This is especially true at the higher discharge rates where the diffusion of sulfate ions into the positive plate limits the reaction. Porous hollow glass microspheres PHGM would allow for more electrolyte storage in the electrodes and enhance the high rate energy storage of lead acid batteries. In this paper we present a method for making hollow glass microspheres HGMs porous. Presently our process only produces small yields. We believe in the future that the yields with our process can be substantially increased. PHGMs could substantially improve the high rate performance of lead acid batteries and make these batteries more attractive for hybrid electric vehicle applications. 2008 Elsevier . All rights reserved. 1. Introduction The lead-acid battery has a high volumetric energy density high specific power performance and high power density. This coupled with the low cost of materials makes it an excellent .