tailieunhanh - Understanding and using english grammar part 33

It also includes more writing topics, more speaking activities, expanded error analysis exercises, and additional extended-context exercises. Long chapters have been broken into shorter units, and certain grammar units have been reorganized. | 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. The solution to my problem appeared to me in a dream. Our plan succeeded at last. Barbara traveled to Uganda last year. Lightning didn t cause the fire. A special committee is going to settle the dispute. Did the army surround the enemy What happened in class yesterday The Persians invented windmills around 1500 years ago. 01B ΠKl 11-2 USING THE PASSIVE a Rice is grown in India. b Our house was built in 1980. c This olive oil was imported from Crete. Usually the passive is used without a fey-phrase. The passive is most frequently used when it is not known or not important to know exactly who performs an action. In a Rice is grown in India by people by farmers by someone. It is not known or important to know exactly who grows rice in India a b and c illustrate the most common use of the passive . without the fey-phrase. d Life on the Mississippi was written by Mark Twain. The fey-phrase is included only if it is important to know who performs an action as in d where by Mark Twain is important information. e My aunt made this rug. active If the speaker knows who performs an action usually the active is used as in e . f This rug was made by my aunt. That rug was made by my mother. Sometimes even when the speaker knows who performs an action s he chooses to use the passive with the fey-phrase because s he wants to focus attention on the subject of a sentence. In f The focus of attention is on two rugs. EXERCISE 4. Using the passive. Charts 11-1 and 11-2 Directions Discuss why the use of the passive is appropriate in the sentences. For purposes of comparison form possible active equivalents and discuss probable reasons why the speakers writers would choose to use the passive. 1. My sweater was made in England. 2. The new highway will be completed sometime next month. 3. Language skills are taught in every school in the country. 4. Beethoven s Seventh Symphony was performed at the concert last night. 5. The World Cup soccer games are .