tailieunhanh - Design Practice in Europe

Design Practice in Europe Introduction Design Philosophy • Loads 64 Short- and Medium-Span Bridges Steel and Composite Bridges • Concrete Bridges • Truss Bridges Long-Span Bridges Girder Bridges • Arch Bridges • Truss Bridges • Cable-Stayed Bridges Jean M. Muller Jean Muller International, France Large Projects Second Severn Bridge • Great Belt Bridges • Tagus Bridges Future European Bridges Introduction Europe is one of the birthplaces of bridge design and technology, beginning with masonry bridges and aqueducts built under the Roman Empire throughout Europe. The Middle Ages also produced many innovative bridges. The modern role of the engineer in bridge design appeared in France in the 18th century. The. | Muller . Design Practice in Europe. Bridge Engineering Handbook. Ed. Wai-Fah Chen and Lian Duan Boca Raton CRC Press 2000 64 Design Practice in Europe Jean M. Muller Jean Muller International France Introduction Design Philosophy Loads Short- and Medium-Span Bridges Steel and Composite Bridges Concrete Bridges Truss Bridges Long-Span Bridges Girder Bridges Arch Bridges Truss Bridges Cable-Stayed Bridges Large Projects Second Severn Bridge Great Belt Bridges Tagus Bridges Future European Bridges Introduction Europe is one of the birthplaces of bridge design and technology beginning with masonry bridges and aqueducts built under the Roman Empire throughout Europe. The Middle Ages also produced many innovative bridges. The modern role of the engineer in bridge design appeared in France in the 18 th century. The first bridge made of cast iron was built in England at the end of the same century. Prestressed concrete was born in France before extending throughout the world. Cantilever construction and incremental launching of concrete decks were devised in Germany as well as modern cable-stayed bridges. The streamlined box-girder deck for long-span suspension bridges was born in England. The variety of bridges in Europe is enormous from the point of view of both their age and their type. Outstanding works of bridge history in Europe can be presented as follows. 2000 by CRC Press LLC Bridge Year Country Designer Comments Unknown 600 . I Etruscans Probable use of vaults for bridge construction Gardon River Bridge 13 . F Romans Aqueduct 49 m high with three rows of superposed arches Ceret Bridge over the River Tech 1339 F Unknown Masonry bridge spanning 42 m Wettingen Bridge 1764 CH Johann Ulrich Grubenmann Biggest wooden bridge in Europe with a 61 m span Coalbrookdale Bridge 1779 GB Abraham Darby III First metallic bridge cast iron structure Sunderland Bridge 1796 GB Rowland Burdon Six cast iron arches each made up of 105 .

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