tailieunhanh - Calculus: An Integrated Approach to Functions and their Rates of Change, Preliminary Edition Part 47

Calculus: An Integrated Approach to Functions and their Rates of Change, Preliminary Edition Part 47. A major complaint of professors teaching calculus is that students don't have the appropriate background to work through the calculus course successfully. This text is targeted directly at this underprepared audience. This is a single-variable (2-semester) calculus text that incorporates a conceptual re-introduction to key precalculus ideas throughout the exposition as appropriate. This is the ideal resource for those schools dealing with poorly prepared students or for schools introducing a slower paced, integrated precalculus/calculus course | The Logarithmic Function Defined 441 digits with just a couple of key In fact many logarithms you ll work with are irrational so a calculator will give an approximation of the value but a nice quick accurate approximation it is Let s return to solving the equation 10 6561. Then t log10 6561. This is the analytic solution of the equation. A calculator tells us that log10 6561 so people can start drinking the water from that polluted lake about years from Let s make sure the definition of log10 x is clear by looking at some examples. EXAMPLE a log10 100 is the exponent to which we must raise 10 in order to get 100. 102 100 so log10 100 2. b log10 is the exponent to which we must raise 10 in order to get . 10-1 solog10 -1. c log10 1 is the exponent to which we must raise 10 in order to get 1. 100 1 so log10 1 0. d log10 151 is the exponent to which we must raise 10 in order to get 151. 102 100 and 103 1000 so we know that log10 151 is between 2 and 3. log10 151 is irrational so we can t express it exactly using a decimal. e log10 0 is the exponent to which we must raise 10 in order to get 0. There is no such number 10any number is always positive. Zero is not in the domain of the function log10 x because 0 is not in the range of 10x the inverse of log10 x. See how your calculator responds when you enter log 0. It should complain. The Logarithm Defined Let f x bx where b is a positive number. Since f is a 1-to-1 function it has an inverse function f -1. From the graph of f x bx we can obtain the graph of its inverse function. The domain of f-1 is 0 rc and the range is -rc rc . 1 Before there were calculators that could provide this information tables of logarithms were painstakingly constructed and used for reference. 2Keep in mind that is an approximate solution to 10 6561. Try it out 103 817 . . Even is only an approximate solution. The exact solution is log1Q 6561. 442 CHAPTER 13 Logarithmic

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