tailieunhanh - Mastering skills for the toefl ibt advanced part 22

You will not see the questions until after you have read the passage. While answering the questions, you will be permitted to look back at the reading. You do not need any previous knowledge on the topic in order to answer the questions correctly. | Chapter 7 Necessary Skills T S3 s Sç li Sentence Simplification Questions Identifying the answer choice that has the same essential meaning as highlighted sentence in a passage Eliminating answer choices that change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information a Example Question Which of the following best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence Incorrect answer choices .change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information. Strategies Ensure that you understand the ways in which an answer can be incorrect. Either it contradicts a detail in the highlighted sentence or it omits something important from the sentence. Be careful that your answer choice does not contradict the main argument of the paragraph in which the highlighted sentence occurs or the passage as a whole. . Sentence Simplification Questions 149 Chapter 7 I 01 Philosophy Read the following passage. Then fill in the diagram with the information that you read Track 40 Everything people know about the physical world comes to them through their senses-sight touch sound taste and smell. Most days people put simple faith in this information as being a perfect reflection of the real physical world. But people are also sometimes fooled by their senses. This raises the question how accurately can the physical world be known if all knowledge of it comes through the senses That is the problem posed by the philosophical viewpoint known as representative realism. The father of this popular philosophical school was John Locke 1632-1704 . Locke inquired into the origin certainty and extent of human knowledge in An Essay Concerning Human Understanding While his work was hailed by many for its simple approach to difficult issues it was attacked by others because in the end his critics argued it could not confirm that the world even exists. According to representative realists people cannot perceive the world directly only the impressions and ideas .