tailieunhanh - Oxford guide to english grammar part 10

Any user of a reference book of this kind will rely on a full and efficient index, as is provided in the Oxford Guide (pages 404 to 446). In addition, there is a summary at the beginning of each chapter which gives a bird's eye view, with examples, of the grammar covered in the chapter as a whole and gives references to the individual sections which follow. | PAGE 57 50 The empty subjects there and it There is no inversion with most other kinds of verbs. Outside the house two women were talking. NOT Outside the house were talking two women. NOTE For There was afurniture van outside the house 50. b We can use here and there in front position to draw attention to something in the situation. airport announcement Here is an announcementforpassengers on flight TW513 to Miami. sports commentator And there goes Williams Into the lead In this pattern we can use be come or go in the present simple. There is inversion of the subject and verb. The noun phrase the new information goes at the end. Here is an announcement. NOT Here-an announcement is. But when the subject is a pronoun there is no inversion. And there goes Williams . There he goes look Where are my keys Oh here they are. 4 Overview inversion a Subject-verb inversion After an adverbial of place in front position 49 3 On the doorstep stood an old man. Here is the news. After direct speech 265 4 Are you ready Jane asked asked Jane. b Subject-auxiliary inversion In questions 23 What did the man want Have you heard the news In additions with so and neither nor 43 1 I saw the man and so did Paul. After a negative phrase in front position 17 6c In no circumstances should you sign theform. In some conditional clauses 258 Had you signed the form you would have lost allyour rights. 50 The empty subjects there and it 1 The use of there The verb be does not usually have a subject with a an or some. A sentence like A Chinese restaurant is round the corner is possible but unusual. A phrase with a an is usually new information and so it comes later in the sentence. Where can we eat There s a Chinese restaurant round the corner. We put therein the subject position so that a Chinese restaurant can come after the verb. There be expresses the idea that something exists. 6 INFORMATION AND EMPHASIS PAGE 58 2 There be more details a We use the pattern in sentences with adverbials of place