tailieunhanh - Drugs and Poisons in Humans - A Handbook of Practical Analysis (Part 58)

Introduction: Agricultual chemicals include not only pesticides for protecting plants, such as insecticides, germicides, herbicides and rodenticides, but also fertilizers and growth regulating substances being used in agricultural production and horticulture. In poisoning cases with agricultural chemicals, the causative poisons are largely the pesticides. There are many cases, in which the poisoning due to exposure to an organophosphorus pesticide is obvious with clinical symptoms [1]. However, there are more than 5,000 agricultural chemicals registered and commercially available in Japanese markets [2]; it is essential to identify a causative chemical to make the final clinical diagnosis in a poisoning-suspected case. . | Simultaneous analysis of pesticides by GC MS by Shinji Kageyama and Makoto Ueki Introduction Agricultual chemicals include not only pesticides for protecting plants such as insecticides germicides herbicides and rodenticides but also fertilizers and growth regulating substances being used in agricultural production and horticulture. In poisoning cases with agricultural chemicals the causative poisons are largely the pesticides. There are many cases in which the poisoning due to exposure to an organophosphorus pesticide is obvious with clinical symptoms 1 . However there are more than 5 000 agricultural chemicals registered and commercially available in Japanese markets 2 it is essential to identify a causative chemical to make the final clinical diagnosis in a poisoning-suspected case. Since sensitive and simultaneous analysis of multiple compounds is possible using GC MS the method is being widely used for analysis of pesticides for environmental specimens such as water and soil 3-6 . In this chapter among main pesticides which had been reported causative for poisoning cases 7 more than 30 kinds of pesticides have been picked up from organophosphorus organochlorine carbamate and triazine pesticides and a method for simultaneous analysis of many pesticides by GC MS is presented. For alkylpyridinium and amino acid type herbicides their analyses are described in other chapters. Reagents and their preparation i. Reagents Pure -hexane for organic trace analysis Merck Darmstadt Germany and other manufacturers is directly used or redistilled befor use according to need. Many of the authentic standards of pesticides can be purchased from Supelco Bellefonte PA USA but fenobucarb salithion thiometon ethylthiomethon propanil cyanofenphos and isoxathion cannot be obtained from the above manufacturer but can be obtained from Wako Pure Chemical Industries Ltd. Osaka Japan. As internal standard IS fenitrothion-d6 was obtained from Hayashi Pure Chemical Ind. Ltd Osaka