tailieunhanh - Drugs and Poisons in Humans - A Handbook of Practical Analysis (Part 14)

Introduction: Alcohol usually means ethanol/ethyl alcohol. It has a long history for the human being, and gives euphoric effects and sometimes improves the human relationship. In contrast, there are many cases of violence, injuries, homicides and traffic accidents with drinking; close relation can be observed between ethanol and crimes/accidents. When forensic autopsies are performed, ethanol concentrations in blood and urine are routinely measured. GC analysis of ethanol using the conventional packed columns is described in many of literature [1, 2]. In this chapter, a quantitative method is presented for GC analysis of ethanol in blood and urine using headspace extraction. | Ethanol by Kanako Watanabe Introduction Alcohol usually means ethanol ethyl alcohol. It has a long history for the human being and gives euphoric effects and sometimes improves the human relationship. In contrast there are many cases of violence injuries homicides and traffic accidents with drinking close relation can be observed between ethanol and crimes accidents. When forensic autopsies are performed ethanol concentrations in blood and urine are routinely measured. GC analysis of ethanol using the conventional packed columns is described in many of literature 1 2 . In this chapter a quantitative method is presented for GC analysis of ethanol in blood and urine using headspace extraction and wide-bore capillary columns an ultra-sensitive analysis of breath ethanol is also given. Determination of ethanol in blood and urine Reagents and their preparation 10 ph of ethanol is dissolved in 10 mL distilled water v v . 10 ph of n-propanol a is dissolved in 10 mh of distilled water v v . 10 ph of tert-butanol internal standard IS b is dissolved in 10 mh of distilled water v v . All above chemicals can be of reagent grade. GC conditions GC columns a DB-1 fused silica wide-bore capillary column 30 m x mm i. d. film thickness 5 pm J W Scientific Folsom CA USA and a Rtx-BAC2 fused silica wide-bore capillary column 30 m x mm i. d. film thickness pm Restek Bellefonte PA USA . GC conditions 3 an HP6890 Series gas chromatographc Agilent Technologies Palo Alto CA USA equipped with FID. Conditions for the DB-1 column are Column oven temperature 40 C isothermal injection port and detector temperature 170 C carrier gas helium its flow rate 20 mh min. Conditions for the Rtx-BAC2 column are Column oven temperature 40 C 5 C min 70 C 5 min 20 C min 280 C injection port and detector temperature 170 C carrier gas helium its flow rate 5 mh min. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2005 136 Ethanol Procedure i. mL of a specimen whole blood or urine is .