tailieunhanh - The Insects - Outline of Entomology 3th Edition - Chapter 15

Chapter 15 MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY Aside from their impact on agricultural and horticultural crops, insects impinge on us mainly through the diseases they can transmit to humans and our domestic animals. The number of insect species involved is not large, but those that transmit disease, cause wounds, inject venom. | TIC15 5 20 04 4 40 PM Page 375 Chapter 15 MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY Bed bug on the skin of its host. After Anon. 1991. TIC15 5 20 04 4 40 PM Page 376 376 Medical and veterinary entomology Aside from their impact on agricultural and horticultural crops insects impinge on us mainly through the diseases they can transmit to humans and our domestic animals. The number of insect species involved is not large but those that transmit disease vectors cause wounds inject venom or create nuisance have serious social and economic consequences. Thus the study of the veterinary and medical impact of insects is a major scientific discipline. Medical and veterinary entomology differs from and often is much broader in scope than other areas of entomological pursuit. Firstly the frequent motivation and funding for study is rarely the insect itself but the insect-borne human or animal disease s . Secondly the scientist studying medical and veterinary aspects of entomology must have a wide understanding not only of the insect vector of disease but of the biology of host and parasite. Thirdly most practitioners do not restrict themselves to insects but have to consider other arthropods notably ticks mites and perhaps spiders and scorpions. For brevity in this chapter we refer to medical entomologists as those who study all arthropod-borne diseases including diseases of livestock. The insect though a vital cog in the chain of disease need not be the central focus of medical research. Medical entomologists rarely work in isolation but usually function in multidisciplinary teams that may include medical practitioners and researchers epidemiologists virologists and immunologists and ought to include those with skills in insect control. In this chapter we deal with entomophobia followed by allergic reactions venoms and urtication caused by insects. This is followed by details of transmission of a specific disease malaria an exemplar of insect-borne disease. This is followed by a .