tailieunhanh - Mạng và viễn thông P44

Network Regulation and Deregulation Sincethe 1980s, governmentsinhotpursuitofgeneraleconomicdevelopmenthavemade dramatic changes in the regulation industry. Monopolistic public utilities have been privatized, of and the markets historically dominated by those utilities have been deregulated and opened to competition. This chapter discusses the motivations behind telecommunications deregulation, and explains some of the new regulatory measures which protect customers’ interests by ensuring that quality services are available at a fair price. . | Networks and Telecommunications Design and Operation Second Edition. Martin P. Clark Copyright 1991 1997 John Wiley Sons Ltd ISBNs 0-471-97346-7 Hardback 0-470-84158-3 Electronic 44 Network Regulation and Deregulation Since the 1980s governments in hot pursuit of general economic development have made dramatic changes in the regulation of industry. Monopolistic public utilities have been privatized and the markets historically dominated by those utilities have been deregulated and opened to competition. This chapter discusses the motivations behind telecommunications deregulation and explains some of the new regulatory measures which protect customers interests by ensuring that quality services are available at a fair price. REASONS FOR DEREGULATION The word deregulation is something of a misnomer because no country has completely rescinded all the telecommunications laws and regulations. Rather the regulations are being changed to a new framework a liberalized one to encourage competition between companies for the provision of telecommunications services. In fact the new regulations are more voluminous than the old ones and will require more policing to ensure that companies are conforming with their obligations. As with any change in the legal system a government wants to convince itself of the benefit of the new regulation not only its direct effect but also the secondary effect on other elements of the social or industrial strata. The government will wish to ensure maximum efficiency of overall resources but it will also be interested in the fairness of a new system. In addition from an economic sense the impact on the country s balance of trade will be important. The European Economic Community EEC nowadays called the European Union EU noted in 1986 that the strengthening of European telecommunications has become one of the major conditions for promoting a harmonious development of economic activities and a competitive market throughout the European .