tailieunhanh - Ebook Large carnivore conservation and management: Part 2

Part 2 book "Large carnivore conservation and management" includes content: Inappropriate consideration of animal interests in predator management - towards a comprehensive moral code; science, society, and snow leopards - bridging the divides through collaborations and best practice convergence; between politics and management - Governing large carnivores in Fennoscandia, and other contents. | 10 Rural-urban heterogeneity in attitudes towards large carnivores in Sweden 1976 2014 Göran Ericsson Camilla Sandström and Shawn J. Riley Introduction Swedes traditionally exhibit utilitarian values and use wildlife resources in con- sumptive ways. Hunting and other uses of wildlife resources are deeply rooted and to a high degree accepted in Swedish society Ljung et al. 2015 . A key feature of Swedish legalisation since at least 1789 when the right to hunt on their own land was granted to all landowners regardless of class has been to promote good species ones that can be used by humans for food fur or other products Danell et al. 2017 . Swedish governance policy and manage- ment actions generally have disfavoured wildlife species such as large carnivores perceived to be in direct competition and thus conflict with human uses of resources. This view was challenged however during the latter part of the 19th century as globalised approaches to conservation emerged. Influences pri- marily from the United States recognised that active wildlife governance and management was necessary to regulate human uses of wildlife. The focus of early debates 1830 and on in Sweden was on restoration of moose popula- tions and then brown bears 1860 and on that could sustain hunting. Sweden consequently transformed legislation for both forestry and wildlife in the 1930s and 1940s because of the wise-use and conservation movements. The main stakeholders involved in conservation at that time were hunters foresters and members of the public with means and time to engage in conservation Danell et al. 2017 . Implementation of contemporary conservation policy and practices by state private and non-governmental organizations NGOs included regulated hunt- ing state promotion of conservation education and complete protection of some socially desirable species. Consequently ungulates thrived. Species such as moose Alces alces roe deer Capreolus capreolus red deer Cervus elaphus .