tailieunhanh - Chapter 131. Diphtheria and Other Infections Caused by Corynebacteria and Related Species (Part 7)

Other Nondiphtherial Corynebacteria C. xerosis is a human commensal found in the conjunctiva, nasopharynx, and skin. This nontoxigenic organism is occasionally identified as a source of invasive infection in immunocompromised or postoperative patients and prosthetic joint recipients. C. striatum is found in the anterior nares and on the skin, face, and upper torso of normal individuals. Also nontoxigenic, this organism has been associated with invasive opportunistic infections in severely ill or immunocompromised patients. C. amycolatum is a new species isolated from human skin and is identified on the basis of a unique 16S ribosomal RNA sequence associated with opportunistic infection. C | Chapter 131. Diphtheria and Other Infections Caused by Corynebacteria and Related Species Part 7 Other Nondiphtherial Corynebacteria C. xerosis is a human commensal found in the conjunctiva nasopharynx and skin. This nontoxigenic organism is occasionally identified as a source of invasive infection in immunocompromised or postoperative patients and prosthetic joint recipients. C. striatum is found in the anterior nares and on the skin face and upper torso of normal individuals. Also nontoxigenic this organism has been associated with invasive opportunistic infections in severely ill or immunocompromised patients. C. amycolatum is a new species isolated from human skin and is identified on the basis of a unique 16S ribosomal RNA sequence associated with opportunistic infection. C. glucuronolyticum is a new nonlipophilic species that causes male genitourinary tract infections such as prostatitis and urethritis. These infections may be successfully treated with a wide variety of antibacterial agents including 0-lactams rifampin aminoglycosides or vancomycin however the organism appears to be resistant to fluoroquinolones macrolides and tetracyclines. C. imitans has been identified in Eastern Europe as a nontoxigenic cause of pharyngitis. C. auris has been isolated from children with otitis media and is susceptible to fluoroquinolones rifampin tetracycline and vancomycin but resistant to penicillin G and variably susceptible to macrolides. C. pseudodiphtheriticum C. hofmannii is a nontoxigenic component of the normal human flora. Human infections particularly endocarditis of either prosthetic or native valves and invasive pneumonia have been identified only rarely. Although C. pseudodiphtheriticum may be isolated from the nasopharynx of patients with suspected diphtheria it is part of the normal flora and does not produce diphtheria toxin. C. propinquum a close relative of C. pseudodiphtheriticum is part of CDC Group ANF-3 and is isolated from human respiratory tract .