tailieunhanh - Các biến thể của tiếng anh part 13

Invent a short questionnaire to test your peers’ reactions to sentences including phrases like you and I and you and me. Test it on some students (preferably not students studying English or Linguistics), and compare your results with the suggestions made in the text and with the results gained by others. Can you explain any variation in responses? 2. Make an audio tape of approximately ten minutes of Eastenders and Neighbours or any other two programmes which have speakers of nonstandard London variety and speakers of a southern hemisphere variety. . | 02 pages 001-136 6 8 02 1 26 pm Pag h 112 112 INTERNATIONAL VARIETIES OF ENGLISH become part of a codified norm such norms typically - though not inevitably - being rather conservative . Where there is no codification we can judge standards only in some rather intuitive fashion. At present there is a certain fuzziness built in to the notion of standard in non-US colonial varieties. Exercises 1. Invent a short questionnaire to test your peers reactions to sentences including phrases like you and I and you and me. Test it on some students preferably not students studying English or Linguistics and compare your results with the suggestions made in the text and with the results gained by others. Can you explain any variation in responses 2. Make an audio tape of approximately ten minutes of Eastenders and Neighbours or any other two programmes which have speakers of nonstandard London variety and speakers of a southern hemisphere variety. Alternatively do the same for a Canadian and a US television show. Make a list of similarities and differences in pronunciation between the two varieties. 3. Is there a standard Australian English or New Zealand English or South African English independent of British English Is there a standard Canadian English independent of both British and US English 4. Read the discussion of countable and uncountable nouns in any grammar of English and decide how far your own usage reflects the variety described in the grammar. Do you use a standard variety as far as this feature is concerned Recommendations for reading On the whole notion of standard Milroy and Milroy 1985 is recommended. On non-standard grammar in Britain Cheshire et al. 1989 is the best place to start. Many descriptions of individual varieties of English make some comment on standard and non-standard in the colonies for example Collins 1989 and Newbrook 2001 on grammatical features of Australian English. There is some elementary discussion of variable standards in Bauer 1994b .