tailieunhanh - Financing of vocational education and training in Germany

German vocational education and training attracts a good deal of attention globally because it offers young people a good way of entering the employment system. However, what are the associated costs? Although precise determination of costs is difcult in methodological terms, this article attempts to address the issue. | INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCES FINANCING OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING IN GERMANY NORMANN MULLER 1 FELIX WENZELMANN 2 ANIKA JANSEN 3 German vocational education and training attracts a good deal of attention globally because it offers young people a good way of entering the employment system. However what are the associated costs Although precise determination of costs is difficult in methodological terms this article attempts to address the issue. Overview of financing Three parties contribute towards the financing of vocational education and training in Germany the companies the public sector and the trainees themselves. The Figure gives an overview of the sources and uses of financing. In the training year 2012 13 costs to companies of providing company-based training were around Euro billion. These costs exclusively relate to the dual training system. In the budget year 2013 total spending by all public bodies Federal Government federal states Bundesagentur fur Arbeit BA Federal Employment Agency was approximately Euro billion. Public funding is used to finance the dual system but also full-time vocational schools the transitional system and the structural development. No information is thus far available regarding the amount to which the trainees themselves participate in the financing of their training. Their contribution essentially comprises the loss of income they suffer as a result of their training compared to employment in an unskilled or semi-skilled capacity. Rough estimates made by BIBB indicate that the financing contribution made by the trainees is considerable and is consequently underestimated. 1 Dr. Research Associate in the Costs Benefits and Financing of Vocational Education and Training Division at BIBB 2 Research Associate in the Costs Benefits and Financing of Vocational Education and Training Division at BIBB 3 Research Associate in the Costs Benefts and Financing of Vocational Education and Training Division at BIBB .