tailieunhanh - A review on metals induced oxidative stress in fish

Oxidative stress results from an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species and the antioxidants defences, in favour of the former. In recent years, the association between oxidative processes, environmental change and life histories has received much attention. Metals are important inducers of oxidative stress in aquatic organisms, promoting formation of reactive oxygen species through two mechanisms. Redox active metals generate reactive oxygen species through redox cycling, while metals without redox potential impair antioxidant defences, especially that of thiol-containing antioxidants and enzymes. Elevated levels of reactive oxygen species lead to oxidative damage including lipid peroxidation, protein and DNA oxidation, and enzyme inactivation. Antioxidant defences include the enzyme system and low molecular weight antioxidants. Metal-binding proteins, such as ferritin, ceruloplasmin and metallothioneins, have special functions in the detoxification of toxic metals and also play a role in the metabolism and homeostasis of essential metals. Antioxidative compounds are found in all fish species to protect their lipids and other compounds that contain double bonds, against damage caused by reactive oxygen species. | EXCELLENT PUBLISHERS International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN 2319-7706 Volume 8 Number 07 2019 Journal homepage http Review Article https A Review on Metals Induced Oxidative Stress in Fish Babita Rani1 and Renu Singh2 1 Department of Biochemistry 2Department of Biotechnology CCS HAU Hisar Haryana India Corresponding author ABSTRACT Keywords Reactive oxygen species Glutathione Superoxide dismutase Antioxidant system Free radical Article Info Accepted 04 June 2019 Available Online 10 July 2019 Oxidative stress results from an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species and the antioxidants defences in favour of the former. In recent years the association between oxidative processes environmental change and life histories has received much attention. Metals are important inducers of oxidative stress in aquatic organisms promoting formation of reactive oxygen species through two mechanisms. Redox active metals generate reactive oxygen species through redox cycling while metals without redox potential impair antioxidant defences especially that of thiol-containing antioxidants and enzymes. Elevated levels of reactive oxygen species lead to oxidative damage including lipid peroxidation protein and DNA oxidation and enzyme inactivation. Antioxidant defences include the enzyme system and low molecular weight antioxidants. Metal-binding proteins such as ferritin ceruloplasmin and metallothioneins have special functions in the detoxification of toxic metals and also play a role in the metabolism and homeostasis of essential metals. Antioxidative compounds are found in all fish species to protect their lipids and other compounds that contain double bonds against damage caused by reactive oxygen species. Introduction Molecular oxygen is a necessary compound for all aerobic organisms since this element is critical for energy production however is a potent oxidant which can lead