tailieunhanh - Genomic selection in crop improvement – An overview

Genomic selection (GS) is a form of marker-assisted selection in which genetic markers covering the whole genome are used so that all quantitative trait loci (QTL) are in linkage disequilibrium with at least one marker. With advances in molecular biology and marker technology, a new era of molecular breeding has emerged that has greatly accelerated the pace of plant breeding. Wholegenome prediction models estimate all marker effects in all loci and capture small QTL effects. Here, we review difference between MAS and Genomic selection (GS) along with GS models with respect to both the prediction accuracy and genetic gain from selection. | 2019 8 6 1529-1534 EXCELLENT PUBLISHERS International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN 2319-7706 Volume 8 Number 06 2019 Journal homepage http Review Article https Genomic Selection in Crop Improvement - An Overview Nenavath Krishna Kumar Rathod1 Noor E. Mujjassim2 M. Mallik3 and . Nehru4 division of Genetics Indian Agricultural Research Institute Pusa Campus New Delhi India 2Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK Bengaluru Karnataka India 3Division of Genetics Indian Agricultural Research Institute Pusa Campus New Delhi India 4AICRP on Sunflower UAS GKVK Bengaluru Karnataka India Corresponding author ABSTRACT Keywords Genomic selection Linkage disequilibrium Polymorphism Article Info Accepted 12 May 2019 Available Online 10 June 2019 Genomic selection GS is a form of marker-assisted selection in which genetic markers covering the whole genome are used so that all quantitative trait loci QTL are in linkage disequilibrium with at least one marker. With advances in molecular biology and marker technology a new era of molecular breeding has emerged that has greatly accelerated the pace of plant breeding. Wholegenome prediction models estimate all marker effects in all loci and capture small QTL effects. Here we review difference between MAS and Genomic selection GS along with GS models with respect to both the prediction accuracy and genetic gain from selection. Introduction Molecular mapping used to identify a molecular locus that resides very near or in the gene of interest. This locus can be used as a molecular marker for indirectly selecting the trait of interest. Various markers have been developed starting from first marker RFLP Restriction Fragment length polymorphism which was developed by Alec Jeffreys. Most of the economic traits are influenced by polygenes tracking a small number of these genes through DNA

• Sinh học
• Genomic selection
• Linkage disequilibrium
• Genomic selection in crop improvement
• Crop improvement
• Genetic gain from selection
• BMC Genomics
• Deep learning
• Plant breeding
• Genomic trends
• Runs of homozygosity
• BLUP selection
• ROH patterns
• BMC Bioinformatics
• Genomic relationship matrix
• Disease risk prediction
• Best linear unbiased estimate
• BMC Plant Biology
• Striga resistance
• Drought tolerance
• Striga hermonthica parasitism
• BMC Genetics
• High density panel
• SNP prioritization
• Off diagonal elements
• Agronomic traits
• Grain yield
• Ridge regression best linear unbiased prediction
• Soft red winter wheat
• Yield components
• Genomic prediction
• Complex traits
• Machine learning
• Predictive modeling
• Marker assisted selection
• Perennial crop
• SNP prioritizing
• High density
• Marker panels
• Genome wide variants
• Selection signatures
• Commercial broilers
• Genomic signatures
• Single nucleotide polymorphisms
• Thyroid hormone receptor beta
• Multi locus LD
• Consistency of LD
• Across population genomic prediction
• Selection index theory
• Across population
• Bayesian variable selection
• Number of independent chromosome segments
• Genome wide association study
• Bovine genomics
• Beef cattle
• Norway spruce
• Increase genetic gain
• Shortening breeding cycle
• Growth traits
• Penaeid shrimp
• Aquatic species
• Disease resistance traits
• Variance component
• Functional genomic information
• Heterozygous genotypes
• Plant Biology
• Stalk strength
• Rind penetrometer resistance
• Quantitative trait loci
• Triticum aestivum
• QTL mapping
• Genetic architecture
• Soybean cyst nematode
• Leaf chlorophyll content
• Single nucleotide polymorphism
• Bovine respiratory disease
• Genome sequence imputation
• RNA Seq
• Quantitative trait locus
• Feature selection
• Non key traits
• Radiata pine
• Pedigree correction
• Predictive ability
• External resin bleeding
• Fat tailed sheep
• Genomic scan
• Fat deposit
• Several genomic analyses
• Geographic origins
• Genetic improvement
• Genomic selection and genotype by sequencing
• Yellowtail kingfish
• Brazilian beef cattle
• Genotyping costs
• Genomic breeding values
• Regression method
• Breed prediction
• Genomic relatedness matrix
• Principal component analysis