tailieunhanh - Double haploid: An overview

A doubled haploid (DH) is a genotype developed when haploid cells undergo chromosome doubling. Artificial production of doubled haploids is important in plant breeding. Double haploid (DH) breeding can helps in speedup conventional plant breeding programmes and make early release of cultivars with superior and desirable traits along with greater utility in other research aspects of plant breeding, genetics and genetic engineering. DH’s helps in complementing back cross breeding by transferring genes of interest from wild relatives thus breaking genetic barriers. The unique complete homozygous nature of DH’s, less time requirement to produce a large number of DH’s, absence of heterozygosity, efficiency over conventional systems and absence of gametoclonal variation in DH’s make them very valuable material for very important genetic and molecular studies. So, DH’s are extensively used for genetic studies like studying inheritance of quantitative traits, Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) mapping, Genomics, gene identification, whole genome mapping and production of stable transgenic plants. | 2020 9 1 1012-1029 EXCELLENT PUBLISHERS International Journal of Current Microbiology andAppliedSciences ISSN 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 1 2020 Journal homepage http Review Article https Double Haploid An Overview Omesh Kumar and Madhu Choudhary Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Institute of Agricultural Sciences Banaras Hindu University Varanasi . 221005 Corresponding author ABSTRACT Keywords Doubled haploid DH Genomics Quantitative Trait Loci QTL Article Info Accepted 15 December 2019 Available Online 20 January 2020 A doubled haploid DH is a genotype developed when haploid cells undergo chromosome doubling. Artificial production of doubled haploids is important in plant breeding. Double haploid DH breeding can helps in speedup conventional plant breeding programmes and make early release of cultivars with superior and desirable traits along with greater utility in other research aspects of plant breeding genetics and genetic engineering. DH s helps in complementing back cross breeding by transferring genes of interest from wild relatives thus breaking genetic barriers. The unique complete homozygous nature of DH s less time requirement to produce a large number of DH s absence of heterozygosity efficiency over conventional systems and absence of gametoclonal variation in DH s make them very valuable material for very important genetic and molecular studies. So DH s are extensively used for genetic studies like studying inheritance of quantitative traits Quantitative Trait Loci QTL mapping Genomics gene identification whole genome mapping and production of stable transgenic plants. Introduction A plant or line obtained by doubling the chromosome number of a haploid plant is called double haploid. The first report of the haploid plant was published by Blakeslee et al. 1922 in Datura stramonium and Guha and Maheshwari 1964 developed anther culture technique for the production