tailieunhanh - Multiple gene transformation- Implications in plant breeding

Transformation is the process by which the genetic make-up of an organism is altered by the insertion of new gene into its genome. As most of the agronomic traits are polygenic in nature, so the integration of multiple genes is required to manipulate the complex, polygenic metabolic or regulatory pathways, while ensuring their stable inheritance and expression in succeeding generations. There are various methods for multiple gene transformation but co-transformation method has proved more efficient and transplastomic technology can be used whenever have an option. It has many applications in plant breeding such as enhancing nutritional value like β-carotene content in rice, canola, maize and potato, vitamin E content in Arabidopsis, canola and soybean, synthesis of PUFA in Arabidopsis, impart biotic and abiotic stress resistance. Also, MGT has applications in molecular pharming. | 2019 8 5 1437-1442 EXCELLENT PUBLISHERS International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN 2319-7706 Volume 8 Number 05 2019 Journal homepage http Review Article https Multiple Gene Transformation- Implications in Plant Breeding Arshpreet Kaur Dhanoa Rahul Kapoor and Ritika Batra Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana 141004 India Corresponding author ABSTRACT Keywords Transformation Polygenic Transgenic Genes Agrobacterium tumefaciens Article Info Accepted 12 April 2019 Available Online 10 May 2019 Transformation is the process by which the genetic make-up of an organism is altered by the insertion of new gene into its genome. As most of the agronomic traits are polygenic in nature so the integration of multiple genes is required to manipulate the complex polygenic metabolic or regulatory pathways while ensuring their stable inheritance and expression in succeeding generations. There are various methods for multiple gene transformation but co-transformation method has proved more efficient and transplastomic technology can be used whenever have an option. It has many applications in plant breeding such as enhancing nutritional value like p-carotene content in rice canola maize and potato vitamin E content in Arabidopsis canola and soybean synthesis of PUFA in Arabidopsis impart biotic and abiotic stress resistance. Also MGT has applications in molecular pharming. Introduction Plant transformation started in the early 1980s with the first conclusive demonstration that the causative agent of crown gall disease Agrobacterium tumefaciens could be harnessed by researchers to introduce defined fragments of DNA into plant cells. Plant transformation refers to the introduction and integration of foreign DNA in plant cells and the consequent regeneration of transgenic plants. Single gene transformation is the transfer of single .