tailieunhanh - Automotive design and the role of the chemist: Part 2

Continued part 1, Automotive design and the role of the chemist: Part 2 present the content such as: engineering polymers, high-temperature and -pressure applications, and structural polymers, automotive requirements, materials and processing; power train applications, some important additives, transmission fluid types; seal and gasket design, thermal serviceability range, Fluoropolymer elastomers; Hvac system overview and refrigerant design, refrigerant performance and some key definitions, new developments in refrigerant design; fuel-cell chemistry overview, fuel cells as automotive propulsion; membranes and Hydrogen storage devices ; developing technology, battery developments. | 6 Engineering Polymers High-Temperature and -Pressure Applications and Structural Polymers INTRODUCTION Engineering polymers for high-temperature and -pressure applications are in use extensively in original equipment manufacturers around the world. The high-strength properties of these materials are necessary to obtain the desired mass reductions efficiency cost and performance required in today s market. In current automotive applications several polymers predominate for thermoplastic seals thrust washers intake manifolds and other components. Several factors must be considered in seal design for rotating pressurized applications versus static sealing. Among these are processing factors such as injection or compression molding physical properties such as tensile and yield strength thermal properties friction coefficient and wear resistance. Rigid structural components such as fascias grills headlamps and body panels have somewhat different requirements than the other components discussed in this book. We will discuss them in brief detail here. DYNAMIC SEALING As the automotive industry attempts to improve vehicle performance by reducing noise and vibration decreasing weight and increasing fuel performance every aspect of design is considered. One would think that such a simple thing as a 10-g seal would not be worthy of scrutiny now that mass savings imperatives are measured in grams. Historically cast iron seals were used in internal high-wear high-temperature applications 1 . NEEDED PROPERTIES An automotive seal for instance must be efficient that is it must have the ability to expand against a sealing surface quickly. This efficiency is related to the elastic modulus of the material which is related to its stiffness 1 . The elastic modulus is the ratio of stress to corresponding strain in a material below the proportional limit on a 81 82 The Role of the Chemist in Automotive Design Rotating housing Hydraulic fluid path Support FIGURE Diagram .

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