tailieunhanh - Components design for automotive body: Part 2

Continued part 1, Components design for automotive body: Part 2 presents the content: body components; body interiors, outer body components, weather strips, glass and mirrors, movable parts, restraint systems – safety belts, interior trims, air conditioning system. | 5 Body Components Outer Body Components Bumpers Before the 1970 s bumpers were usually chrome plated or rolled and formed stainless steel leafs the main function being aesthetic enrichment and protecting the car body against small impacts Fig. . Thanks to the Experimental Safety Vehicles . and later Research Safety Vehicle Program many studies and considerable research led to the definition of some basic design concepts of relevance such as Front and rear end of wlũđfô oou d be able to absorb energy. m V 7 The stiffness of body parts eommitted to energy absorption should increase as the passengerscabm r nearod. The properties of traditional bumper leafeess comptetely sppeaite tothose required as they cehapst ill l sn pib. rito only- kewtevek oy y bby ebsoilxsl. As a consequence the soft nose Fig. was born consisting in a an outer flexible plastic s ell n hrsi oi t. ns mrldirl I lbirral 13 . - Reaction InjeeSsen Msldmb prbnessot thermoplastic mjsetion molded as polyolephine or polyaarboeotaorPtandedSharmoplnstics b a metal support cross-member fitted to body frame through energy absorption devices c some polyure-thane or pilyelsphlpb omeineeil ill libs rprre belweem L. Morello et al. The Automativb HiscrnVol. b Csm nentsDesigtijMES pp. 2y7-r37. l Spiísger 80 1 ui ss iaedie . Kill 208 5 Body Components Fig. . Example of steel stamped bumper Cadillac Fig. . Schematic section of high absorption front end A flexible skin B supporting bar c foam insert D absorbing damping device. Outer Body Components 209 The early design of this solution Fig. was proposed by research engineers and the overall appearance was bulky since designers did not convert those shapes such designs did not reach new models production. Later a compromise was achieved which effectively lasted until the end of the 20th century consisting in a plastic bumper considerably larger than the previous steel one covering the entire