tailieunhanh - Section20 Hertz Contact Stresses

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DESIGN TUTORIAL 4-20: HERTZ CONTACT STRESSES | Mechanical Engineering Design Tutorial 4-20 Hertz Contact Stresses Characteristics of Contact Stresses 1. Represent compressive stresses developed from surface pressures between two curved bodies pressed together 2. Possess an area of contact. The initial point contact spheres or line contact cylinders become area contacts as a result of the force pressing the bodies against each other 3. Constitute the principal stresses of a triaxial three dimensional state of stress 4. Cause the development of a critical section below the surface of the body 5. Failure typically results in flaking or pitting on the bodies surfaces. Two Design Cases Two design cases will be considered 1. Sphere - Sphere Contact Point Contact Circular Contact Area 2. Cylinder - Cylinder Contact Line Contact Rectangular Contact Area Sphere - Sphere Contact b Contact stress has an elliptical distribution across contact over zone of diameter 2a. tf z a Two spheres held in contact by force F. TEXT FIGURE 4-42 Two Spheres in Contact Text. refers to Mechanical Engineering Design 7th edition text by Joseph Edward Shigley Charles R. Mischke and Richard G. Budynas equations and figures with the prefix T refer to the present tutorial. Consider two solid elastic spheres held in contact by a force F such that their point of contact expands into a circular area of radius a given as a K 3F Modified Text Eq. 4-72 where Ka 3 1 -v2 E 1 -y22 E2 8 1 d1 1 d2 F applied force v1 v2 Poisson s ratios for spheres 1 and 2 E1 E2 elastic modulii for spheres 1 and 2 d1 d2 diameters of spheres 1 and 2 This general expression for the contact radius can be applied to two additional common cases 1. Sphere in contact with a plane d2 2. Sphere in contact with an internal spherical surface or cup d2 -d . Returning to the sphere-sphere case the maximum contact pressure pmax occurs at the center point of the contact area. _ 3F Pmax - 2 2na Text Eq. 4-73 State of Stress The state of stress is computed based on the following mechanics .

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