tailieunhanh - The emergency department and the arrhythmic patient: Part 2

(BQ) Continued part 1, part 2 of the document The emergency department and the arrhythmic patient has contents: Acute management of arrhythmias in patients with known congenital heart disease, cardiac arrhythmias in drug abuse and intoxication, emergency surgery and cardiac devices,. and other contents. Invite you to refer. | Acute Management of Arrhythmias in Patients with Known Congenital Heart Disease 7 Francesca Bianchi and Stefano Grossi Focusing on the Issue Surgical advances for congenital heart disease CHD allow long-term survival for a unique group of patients who would otherwise have died during early childhood. Improved longevity had eventually exposed to late complications atrial and ventricular arrhythmias contributing to sudden cardiac death SCD 1 . Arrhythmias are the consequences of both native abnormalities and surgical procedures. It seems that the arrhythmic burden is the price paid to survival and mostly occurs in adults with CHD. It is now estimated that there are over million of adult patients with CHD in Europe 2 and one million in North America 1 . Some defects are best known since studies have focused on specific lesions with predilection for common malformations with effective surgical solution and large number of patients surviving into middle age this is the case of tetralogy of Fallot that has been studied more extensively than other conditions and so arrhythmic mechanisms and risks are best known 1 other conditions less common or with a more recent improvement of survival are less known. The entire spectrum of arrhythmias may be encountered in adults with CHD with several subtypes often coexisting. For some conditions arrhythmias are intrinsic to the structural malformation itself as is the case with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome in the setting of Ebstein s anomaly twin atrioventricular AV node tachycardia in heterotaxy or AV block in the setting of congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries L-TGA . For most other CHD patients arrhythmias represent an acquired condition related to the unique myocardial substrate F. Bianchi S. Grossi Cardiology Unit Department of Cardiovascular Diseases Azienda Ospedaliera Ordine Mauriziano Turin Italy e-mail fbianchi@ sgrossi@ Springer International Publishing Switzerland .