tailieunhanh - Recent advances of community medicine: Part 2

(BQ) Continued part 1, part 2 of the document Recent advances of community medicine has contents: Epidemiology of noncommunicable diseases, family planning, maternal and child health services, social science, preventive geriatrics, human genetics, mental health, adolescent health, and other contents. Invite you to refer. | CHAPTER 21 Epidemiology of Noncommunicable Diseases NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES Burden Socioeconomic Implications Policies and Program for Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases in India A Report on National Summit on NCDs Noncommunicable diseases NCDs and injuries are replacing communicable diseases as the most common causes of disability morbidity and premature mortality thus showing an epidemiological transition in low and middle income countries including India. e leading causes are cancer diabetes hypertension cardiovascular disease stroke chronic obstructive pulmonary disease chronic kidney disease mental disorders and trauma. Besides presenting a serious threat to public health NCDs hamper socioeconomic development of the country. ey account for 52 percent of deaths 43 percent of disability adjusted life years DALYs and 62 percent of total disease burden in India. is burden is likely to increase in the years to come. Cardiovascular diseases CVDs gure at the top among the ten leading causes of adult 25-69 years deaths in India. WHO has projected that by the year 2030 CVDs will emerge as the main cause of death 36 in India and majority of these deaths are premature. e expenditure associated with the long-term e ects of NCDs is high and about 10 to 25 percent of families with CVDs or Cancer respectively are driven to poverty. e economic burden would be in the range of 5 to 10 percent of GDP which is signi cant and this slowing down of GDP hampers the development of the country. Associated with this the demographic transition . raise in aged population the epidemiological transition . increase in the incidence of NCDs compared to communicable diseases and social transition like eating habits smoking and alcoholism pose serious challenge to the health system for providing treatment care and support. Besides the industrialization urbanization and globalization are also contributing to the epidemic of NCDs by increasing the risk factor levels. As a .

• Y khoa - Dược
• Community medicine
• Recent advances
• Noncommunicable diseases
• Family planning
• Human genetics
• Mental health
• Adolescent health
• BMC Pulmonary Medicine
• Community acquired pneumonia
• HIV infection
• Acute community acquired pneumonia
• Empirical antibiotic treatment
• HIV negative
• Pediatric community acquired pneumonia
• Childhood morbidity
• Pediatric CAP
• psychological aspects
• attaching monetary
• considered priceless
• reflect disparities
• individual resources
• privileged backgrounds
• Electronic waste management
• Medical entomology
• Hospital waste
• Occupational health
• Length of hospital stay
• Accurate estimation
• Chronic pulmonary disease
• Aspiration pneumonia
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
• Mechanical ventilation
• Physical exercise
• Health related quality of life
• Community based pulmonary rehabilitation
• Home based pulmonary rehabilitation
• Lower respiratory tract infection
• Recurrent pneumonia
• Respiratory tract infection
• Anti bacterial agents
• Retrospective studies
• Intravenous antibiotics
• Community acquired
• Mortality worldwide
• Local antibiotic resistance
• Viral pneumonia
• Systemic inflammatory
• Streptococcus pneumoniae
• Exercise rehabilitation moderate COPD
• Pulmonary rehabilitation
• Community based exercise program
• Quality of life
• Cell culture
• Clinical feature
• Viral disease
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa
• Bacterial community
• Real time PCR
• Do not resuscitate
• Severe pneumonia
• Potential confounders
• In hospital mortality
• Factors associated
• Artificial intelligence
• Specific antimicrobial therapy
• Physicians synthesize
• Clinical outcome
• Antibiotic stewardship program
• Haemophilus influenzae
• Community health workers
• Lay workers
• Healthcare professionals
• Chronic diseases
• Severe infection
• Penicillin treatment
• Lower respiratory tract infections
• Combination therapy
• Severity score
• Healthcare associated pneumonia
• Mean platelet volume
• Prognostic significance
• Renal dysfunction
• Chest radiography
• Lung ultrasonography
• Blood culture
• Pneumococcal pneumonia
• High morbidity