tailieunhanh - Urogenital imaging and direct diagnosis in radiology: Part 2

(BQ) Continued part 1, part 2 of the document Urogenital imaging and direct diagnosis in radiology has contents: Prostate cancer, peyronie disease, penile malignancies, the female genitals, ovarian cystadenomas, ovarian cancer, ovarian fibromas, and other contents. Invite you to refer. | 3 I Scrotal Anatomy The Male Genitals Definition Anatomy Each testis consists of lobules containing densely packed convoluted seminiferous tubules The straight terminal portions of the seminiferous tubules join to form the rete testis enter the mediastinum testis and become the efferent ductules The ductules pierce through the tunica albuginea to form the head of epididymis and then converge into the larger vas deferens in the body and tail The seminiferous tubules are composed of germ cells and Sertoli cells Testoster-one-producing Leydig cells are in the testicular interstitium Tunica albuginea this is a dense fibrous capsule with an overlying mesothelial layer enclosing the testis. Imaging Signs Modality of choice Ultrasound May be supplemented by MRt. Ultrasound findings Testis Ovoid organ size 4-5 X 2-3 X cm Volume 15-20 mL Intermediate echogenicity and fine granular echotexture Infant testis X 1 cm in size and of lower echogenicity Small amount of serous fluid should not be misinterpreted as hydrocele. Tunica albuginea Thin echogenic line surrounding the testis Best seen where it reflects into the testis as the mediastinum testis. Mediastinum testis Echogenic Located eccentrically Tubules coursing in a caudocranial direction. Scrotal cavity Thin anechoic rim representing fluid is often seen especially in the area adjacent to the head of epididymis. Epididymis Isoechoic or hypoechoic and somewhat coarser than the testis Pyramidal head at the upper pole of the testis 5-12 mm in length Width of the body lateral to the testis 2-4 mm Width of the tail at the lower pole 2-5 mm. Epididymal appendix Pedunculated hydatid attached to the epididymal head. Testicular appendix hydatid of Morgagni Ovoid hydatid 5 mm in size between the upper pole of the testis and the epididymis isoechoic Cystic Typically seen only when a hydrocele is present or in case of torsion. Testicular artery Primary vascular supply to the testis Branch of the abdominal aorta Pierces the .