tailieunhanh - Cardiac surgery and reoperations: Part 2

(BQ) Continued part 1, part 2 of the document Cardiac surgery and reoperations has contents: Reoperations after mustard and senning operations, reoperations after arterial switch operation, aortic valve reoperations, aortic root replacement, reoperations for atrioventricular discordance,. and other contents. Invite you to refer. | Chapter 14 Reoperations After Mustard and Senning Operations J. Stark Introduction Senning introduced the physiological repair of transposition of the great arteries in 1958 Senning 1959 and Mustard published his experience with the atrial switch in 1964 Mustard 1964 . The Mustard operation soon became the operation of choice and survival rates of over 90 for patients with simple transposition were reported Waldhausen et al. 1971 Lindesmith et al. 1973 Ebert et al. 1974 Stark et al. 1974a . The original concept of the Mustard operation was a two-stage correction. A Blalock-Hanlon atrial septectomy enabled a sick infant to survive. Because of the fear that the small size of the atria would preclude successful repair the Mustard operation was often delayed into the second or third year of life. The balloon atrial septostomy was introduced by Rashkind and Miller in 1966 Rashkind and Miller 1966 . This considerably improved the survival of infants with transposition of the great arteries. However the improvement achieved by a balloon septostomy did not usually last as long as the improvement following a surgical septectomy. Attempts therefore were made to lower the age for an elective Mustard operation and soon results which were comparable with or better than the results achieved in older children were reported Aberdeen 1971 Stark et al. 1974a Bailey et al. 1976 Oelert et al. 1977 Turley and Ebert 1978 . The advantage of early balloon septostomy followed by a Mustard operation during the first year of life rapidly became apparent. Reports of complications of the Mustard operation such as SVC obstruction Mazzei and Mulder 1971 Stark et al. 1974b and pulmonary venous obstruction Stark et al. 1972 Driscoll et al. 1977 Oelert et al. 1977 led to several technical modifications of the original Mustard operation. Although some of these modifications reduced postoperative complications others actually increased them. Brom reintroduced the Senning operation in 1975 Quagebeur .