tailieunhanh - The little ICU handbook (Second edition): Part 2

(BQ) Continued part 1, part 2 of the document The little ICU handbook (Second edition) has contents: Acid-Base analysis, organic acidoses, metabolic alkalosis, acute kidney injury, abdominal infections, abdominal infections, abdominal infections, nutritional requirements, parenteral nutrition, antimicrobial therapy,. and other contents. Invite you to refer. | Chapter 23 Acid-Base Analysis This chapter describes how to identify acid-base disorders using the pH PCO2 and bicarbonate HCO3 concentration in blood. Included are a simple rules for the identification of primary secondary and mixed acid-base disorders b formulas for determining the expected acid-base changes for each of the primary acid-base disorders and c a description of the anion gap and how it is used. I. ACID-BASE BALANCE According to traditional concepts of acid-base physiology the hydrogen ion H concentration in extracellular fluid is determined by the balance between the partial pressure of carbon dioxide PCO2 and the bicarbonate HCO3 concentration 1 H k X PCO2 HCO3 k is a proportionality constant . This means that all acid-base disorders are defined by two variables PCO2 and HCO3. This is shown in Table . A. Types of Acid-Base Disorders 1. A respiratory acid-base disorder is a change in H that is a direct result of a change in PCO2. According to Equation an increase in PCO2 will increase the H and produce a respiratory acidosis while a decrease in PCO2 will decrease the H and produce a respiratory alkalosis. 2. A metabolic acid-base disorder is a change in H that is a direct result of a change in HCO3. Equation predicts that an increase in HCO3 will decrease the H and produce a metabolic alkalosis while a decrease in HCO3 will increase the H and produce a metabolic acidosis. 3. Acid base disorders can be primary the principal disturbance or secondary an additional disturbance . Table Acid-Base Disorders and Compensatory Responses A H A PCO2 A HCO3 Ac id-Base Disorder Primary Change Compensatory Response Respiratory Acidosis tPCOj t HCOa Respiratory Alkalosis 4 PCO2 IHCOJ Metabolic Acidosis hcò3 ịpco2 Metabolic Alkalosis HCCy tPCO2 B. Compensatory Responses 1. Compensatory responses are designed to limit the change in H concentration produced by the primary acid-base disorder. This is accomplished by changing the secondary .

• Y khoa - Dược
• Marinos the little ICU book
• Acid Base analysis
• Organic acidoses
• Metabolic alkalosis
• Acute kidney injury
• Nutritional requirements
• Parenteral nutrition
• Alimentary prophylaxis
• The pulmonary artery catheter
• Systemic oxygenation
• Central venous access
• BMC Pediatrics
• Amino acid Dextrose
• Neonatal units
• Amino acid
• Organic phosphate
• Aspartate aminotransferase
• Platelet ratio index
• Parenteral nutrition associated cholestasis
• Extremely low birth weight infants
• Candida albicans
• Microbial growth
• Blood stream infection
• Peripheral parenteral nutrition
• Nutrition formulations
• Neonatal intensive care units
• Formulations acceptable
• Nutrition support for the critically ill
• Assessment of the patient
• Enteral nutrition
• Enteral nutrition support
• Complications of enteral nutrition support
• Timing and indication for parenteral nutrition
• Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition
• bệnh học và điều trị
• bài giảng bệnh học
• tài liệu y khoa
• Harrisons Internal Medicine
• Vitamin B1
• Glucose dosage
• Body thiamine
• Urinary thiamine
• Peripheral parenteral nutrition
• Water soluble vitamin
• Catheter related blood stream infection
• C
• albicans
• Escherichia coli
• Serratia marcescens
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa
• Auxological data
• Additional macronutrients
• Neonatal parenteral nutrition
• Prematurity including
• Biliary atresia
• Total parenteral nutrition
• Case report
• Liver biopsy
• Neonatal cholestasis
• Neonatal intensive care unit
• Inflammatory cytokine release
• Standardised formulation
• Pre consensus cohort
• Royal Hospital for Women
• BMC Cancer
• Bioelectrical impedance analysis
• Body composition
• Home parenteral nutrition
• Non invasive