tailieunhanh - Introduction in diseases of ear, nose and throat: Part 2

(BQ) Continued part 1, part 2 of the document Introduction in diseases of ear, nose and throat has contents: Oral cavity and salivary glands, pharynx and esophagus, larynx, trachea and bronchus, neck, operative procedures and instruments, related disciplines. Invite you to refer. | SectionJjOral CavityandSalivaryGlands 34 Oral Symptoms and Examination One must not speak unpleasant truths unnecessarily. By indulging in rude words one s nature becomes rude. One loses sensitivity without control over one s words. Holi Mother Sarada Devi Points of Focus UH ORAL CAVITY Symptoms Ulcers Growth Pain Xerostomia Excessive Salivation Dysgeusia Trismus Examination Findings on Examination Tongue Depressor HH EVALUATION OF CANCER LESIONS History Examination Investigations Imaging HH SALIVARY GLANDS Illi Ill Ill Clinical Features DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING Sialography Radiosialography Ultrasonography Computed Tomography CT Sialography Magnetic Resonance Imaging MRI Sialography FINE-NEEDLE ASPIRATION CYTOLOGY CLINICAL HIGHLIGHTS For general scheme of case taking and general set up of Bull s eye lamp light source and head-mirror see chapter History and Examination in section of Basic Sciences. ORAL CAVITY Symptoms Patients may come to doctor after observing some findings in their mouth such as an abnormal growth coating of tongue cleft lip cleft palate or oroantral fistula. Patient may see their circumvallate papillae of tongue in the mirror or feel by finger and develop cancer phobia. Pain Pain may be referred to the ear. It can occur in any part of the oral cavity. Xerostomia- Dryness of mouth can result from mouth breathing radiotherapy or generalized lesions of the salivary glands. Excessive salivation The common causes of excessive salivation are ulcers of mouth and pharynx poor orodental hygiene ill fitting denture and iodide therapy. Dysgeusia 2 Taste buds on the anterior two third of tongue appreciate sweet sour and salt tastes. Patient can have unilateral or bilateral perverted diminished or loss of taste. It may be associated with lesions such as heavily coated tongue or injury to chorda tympani or the facial nerve. G. xeros dry G. stoma mouth 2 Dys bad difficult G. geusis taste 366 Trismus- The common causes of difficulty in opening the mouth which are .