tailieunhanh - Enhanced adventitious shoot regeneration from aerial stem explants of ginger using TDZ and its histological studies

A protocol for direct plantlet regeneration from aerial stem explants of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) has been developed. Adventitious shoots and roots were regenerated from in planta aerial stem explants of 2 ginger varieties viz. var. ‘Jamaica’ and var. ‘Varada’. Maximum shoot and root regeneration were observed in the cultures containing TDZ and IBA (1:1; 1: mg L-1) in both varieties. | Research Article Turk J Bot 34 (2010) 21-29 © TÜBİTAK doi: Enhanced adventitious shoot regeneration from aerial stem explants of ginger using TDZ and its histological studies Adinkudikuyyal LINCY, Bhaskaran SASIKUMAR* Division of Crop Improvement and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Spices Research, Calicut-673012, Kerala, INDIA Received: Accepted: Abstract: A protocol for direct plantlet regeneration from aerial stem explants of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) has been developed. Adventitious shoots and roots were regenerated from in planta aerial stem explants of 2 ginger varieties viz. var. ‘Jamaica’ and var. ‘Varada’. Maximum shoot and root regeneration were observed in the cultures containing TDZ and IBA (1:1; 1: mg L-1) in both varieties. Cultures containing TDZ alone showed poor shoot and root formation. Histological studies revealed that the shoot initials originated from the primary thickening meristem and apical meristem, while the root primordial originated from the primary thickening meristem present in the aerial stem. The hardening of in vitro plants was performed with different hardening media and successful acclimatization was obtained. The hardening medium containing soil: sand: coir dust: cow dung + 5 g Trichoderma harzianum / cup gave good result in all aspects like survival of hardened plants, plant height, number of leaves, and chlorophyll content. Key words: Aerial stem, biological hardening, direct regeneration, ginger, primary thickening meristem, Trichoderma harzianum Introduction Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) is herbaceous, rhizomatous, perennial, and the rhizome of which forms one of the important spices and medicines used by people all over the world. Cultivation of ginger and conservation of genetic resources are threatened by various diseases and pests. None of the existing cultivars is resistant to these diseases and it causes heavy crop loss. Infected rhizome bits are the .